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Hyperimmunoglobulinemia E Syndrome
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Basics
Description
Hyperimmunoglobulinemia E syndrome (HIES) is a primary immunodeficiency with markedly elevated serum IgE associated with recurrent skin abscesses, pulmonary infections, and eczematoid dermatitis.
Epidemiology
- Rare
- True incidence and prevalence is unknown; affects equal numbers of males and females
Risk Factors
Genetics
- Autosomal dominant cases (AD-HIES) are caused by mutations in signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3).
- Autosomal recessive cases (AR-HIES) have mutations in the dedicator of cytokinesis-8 gene (DOCK8).
- AR-HIES patients differ in phenotype from AD-HIES patients.
- Sporadic cases do occur.
Pathophysiology
- STAT3 is integral in secretion and signaling of multiple cytokines involved in proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory responses.
- A failure of Th 17 cell differentiation and failure of IL-17 secretion makes patients susceptible to Candida infections.
- Deficiency in IL-11 signaling results in tooth abnormalities and craniosynostosis.
- DOCK8 deficiency results in failure of dendritic cells to migrate to lymph nodes and affects long-term memory B cells and viral-specific CD8+ T cells.
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Basics
Description
Hyperimmunoglobulinemia E syndrome (HIES) is a primary immunodeficiency with markedly elevated serum IgE associated with recurrent skin abscesses, pulmonary infections, and eczematoid dermatitis.
Epidemiology
- Rare
- True incidence and prevalence is unknown; affects equal numbers of males and females
Risk Factors
Genetics
- Autosomal dominant cases (AD-HIES) are caused by mutations in signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3).
- Autosomal recessive cases (AR-HIES) have mutations in the dedicator of cytokinesis-8 gene (DOCK8).
- AR-HIES patients differ in phenotype from AD-HIES patients.
- Sporadic cases do occur.
Pathophysiology
- STAT3 is integral in secretion and signaling of multiple cytokines involved in proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory responses.
- A failure of Th 17 cell differentiation and failure of IL-17 secretion makes patients susceptible to Candida infections.
- Deficiency in IL-11 signaling results in tooth abnormalities and craniosynostosis.
- DOCK8 deficiency results in failure of dendritic cells to migrate to lymph nodes and affects long-term memory B cells and viral-specific CD8+ T cells.
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