Bone Marrow and Stem Cell Transplant

Bone Marrow and Stem Cell Transplant is a topic covered in the Select 5-Minute Pediatrics Topics.

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Basics

Description

Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is the infusion of progenitor stem cells with the intention of restoring hematopoiesis and immunity. HSCT can be classified by
- Donor type: syngeneic (derived from an identical twin), allogeneic (derived from a related or unrelated donor), or autologous (derived from the patient prior to stem cell-toxic therapy)
- Product type
  - Bone marrow transplantation (BMT): Stem cells are obtained by harvesting bone marrow under anesthesia.
  - Peripheral blood stem cell transplantation (PBSCT): Stem cells are mobilized to the periphery with cytokines (GCSF) and collected by apheresis.
  - Umbilical cord blood transplantation (UCBT): Stem cells are collected from the umbilical cord and placenta following delivery.
Stem cells are infused in the peripheral blood of the recipient using a central venous catheter, similar to a blood transfusion. They then home to the bone marrow niche and over the next 2–4 weeks differentiate into mature blood components.

Epidemiology

In 2010, 1,479 pediatric allogeneic (and 782 autologous) HSCTs were performed in the United States. Approximately 40% of allogeneic transplants are from matched related donors.
The use of unrelated PBSCT and unrelated UCBT has been gradually increasing since the late 1990s, whereas the use of related BMT/PBSCT has remained stable. The use of unrelated BMT has been steadily decreasing.

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Citation

"Bone Marrow and Stem Cell Transplant." Select 5-Minute Pediatrics Topics, 7th ed., Wolters Kluwer Health, 2015. Medicine Central, im.unboundmedicine.com/medicine/view/Select-5-Minute-Pediatric-Consult/14163/all/Bone_Marrow_and_Stem_Cell_Transplant.

Bone Marrow and Stem Cell Transplant. Select 5-Minute Pediatrics Topics. 7th ed. Wolters Kluwer Health; 2015. https://im.unboundmedicine.com/medicine/view/Select-5-Minute-Pediatric-Consult/14163/all/Bone_Marrow_and_Stem_Cell_Transplant. Accessed December 18, 2018.

Bone Marrow and Stem Cell Transplant. (2015). In Select 5-Minute Pediatrics Topics. Available from https://im.unboundmedicine.com/medicine/view/Select-5-Minute-Pediatric-Consult/14163/all/Bone_Marrow_and_Stem_Cell_Transplant

Bone Marrow and Stem Cell Transplant [Internet]. In: Select 5-Minute Pediatrics Topics. Wolters Kluwer Health; 2015. [cited 2018 December 18]. Available from: https://im.unboundmedicine.com/medicine/view/Select-5-Minute-Pediatric-Consult/14163/all/Bone_Marrow_and_Stem_Cell_Transplant

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TY - ELEC T1 - Bone Marrow and Stem Cell Transplant ID - 14163 Y1 - 2015 PB - Select 5-Minute Pediatrics Topics UR - https://im.unboundmedicine.com/medicine/view/Select-5-Minute-Pediatric-Consult/14163/all/Bone_Marrow_and_Stem_Cell_Transplant ER -