Vitamin B12 deficiency
Etiology
- Dietary deficiency (seen in vegans)
- Decreased intrinsic factor production: pernicious anemia, gastrectomy
- Competition for B12 in gut: blind loop syndrome, fish tapeworm (rare)
- Decreased ileal B12 absorption: surgical resection, Crohn's disease, metformin
- Pancreatic insufficiency
- Helicobacter pylori infection
- Transcobalamin II deficiency (rare)
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Last updated: December 1, 2014
Citation
Zeiger, Roni F.. "Vitamin B12 Deficiency." Diagnosaurus, 4th ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2014. Medicine Central, im.unboundmedicine.com/medicine/view/Diagnosaurus/114646/all/Vitamin_B12_deficiency.
Zeiger RFR. Vitamin B12 deficiency. Diagnosaurus. McGraw-Hill Education; 2014. https://im.unboundmedicine.com/medicine/view/Diagnosaurus/114646/all/Vitamin_B12_deficiency. Accessed November 21, 2024.
Zeiger, R. F. (2014). Vitamin B12 deficiency. In Diagnosaurus (4th ed.). McGraw-Hill Education. https://im.unboundmedicine.com/medicine/view/Diagnosaurus/114646/all/Vitamin_B12_deficiency
Zeiger RFR. Vitamin B12 Deficiency [Internet]. In: Diagnosaurus. McGraw-Hill Education; 2014. [cited 2024 November 21]. Available from: https://im.unboundmedicine.com/medicine/view/Diagnosaurus/114646/all/Vitamin_B12_deficiency.
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