Splenomegaly

DDx

  • Infections, eg, mononucleosis (Epstein-Barr virus), cytomegalovirus, acute HIV, endocarditis, histoplasmosis, malaria, schistosomiasis, leishmaniasis, filariasis
  • Chronic hemolytic anemia
  • Leukemia
  • Lymphoma
  • Extramedullary hematopoiesis, eg, myelofibrosis, marrow toxin
  • Polycythemia vera
  • Essential thrombocytosis
  • Cirrhosis or noncirrhotic portal hypertension
  • Congestive heart failure
  • Immune thrombocytopenias
  • Splenic vein thrombosis
  • Rheumatoid arthritis (Felty’s syndrome)
  • Systemic lupus erythematosus
  • Sarcoidosis
  • Wilson’s disease
  • Amyloidosis
  • Budd-Chiari syndrome
  • Gaucher disease
  • Niemann-Pick disease
  • Splenic cysts, hemangiomas, hamartomas, fibromas
  • Metastases, eg, melanoma
  • Eosinophilic granuloma (Langerhans cell histiocytosis, histiocytosis X)

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Last updated: December 1, 2014