Chronic visual loss
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DDx
- Refractive error
- Cataract
- Macular degeneration (atrophic)
- Diabetic retinopathy
- Glaucoma
- Corneal opacity, eg, scar, pterygium
- Chronic uveitis
- Pituitary tumor (bitemporal)
- Other types of retinopathy, eg, hypertensive, sickle cell, severe anemia, radiation, systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), talc (emboli from IV drug use)
- Cerebrovascular disease or brain tumor affecting visual pathways
- Intraorbital tumor
- Toxic optic neuropathy, eg, methanol
- Lens dislocation, eg, Marfan syndrome, homocystinuria
- Optic neuritis from multiple sclerosis
- Other worldwide causes: trachoma, Hansen’s disease (leprosy), onchocerciasis, xerophthalmia (vitamin A deficiency)
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DDx
- Refractive error
- Cataract
- Macular degeneration (atrophic)
- Diabetic retinopathy
- Glaucoma
- Corneal opacity, eg, scar, pterygium
- Chronic uveitis
- Pituitary tumor (bitemporal)
- Other types of retinopathy, eg, hypertensive, sickle cell, severe anemia, radiation, systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), talc (emboli from IV drug use)
- Cerebrovascular disease or brain tumor affecting visual pathways
- Intraorbital tumor
- Toxic optic neuropathy, eg, methanol
- Lens dislocation, eg, Marfan syndrome, homocystinuria
- Optic neuritis from multiple sclerosis
- Other worldwide causes: trachoma, Hansen’s disease (leprosy), onchocerciasis, xerophthalmia (vitamin A deficiency)
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