Hyperpigmentation
DDx
- Pigmented nevi
- Ephelides (juvenile freckles)
- Lentigines (senile freckles, liver spots)
- Postinflammatory (eg, acne, atopic dermatitis)
- Chronic venous insufficiency
- Melasma (chloasma)
- Neurofibromatosis (café au lait spots, axillary freckling)
- Hemochromatosis
- Addison's disease
- Acanthosis nigricans
- Hyperbilirubinemia (eg, primary biliary cirrhosis)
- Ochronosis (alkaptonuria)
- Pellagra (niacin deficiency)
- Porphyria cutanea tarda
- Wilson's disease
- Whipple's disease
- Scleroderma
- Vitamin B12 deficiency
- Folate deficiency
- Medications: chloroquine, chlorpromazine, minocycline, amiodarone
- Topicals: benzoyl peroxide, tretinoin, fluorouracil
- Fixed drug eruption to laxatives (phenolphthalein), trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, NSAIDs, tetracyclines
- Exogenous pigment exposure: carotenemia, argyria, gold, tattooing, arsenic
- Berloque hyperpigmentation (phototoxicity from citrus or celery)
- Visceral leishmaniasis (kala azar)
- POEMS syndrome (polyneuropathy, organomegaly, endocrinopathy, monoclonal gammopathy, skin changes)
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Last updated: December 1, 2014
Citation
Zeiger, Roni F.. "Hyperpigmentation." Diagnosaurus, 4th ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2014. Medicine Central, im.unboundmedicine.com/medicine/view/Diagnosaurus/114223/0/Hyperpigmentation.
Zeiger RFR. Hyperpigmentation. Diagnosaurus. McGraw-Hill Education; 2014. https://im.unboundmedicine.com/medicine/view/Diagnosaurus/114223/0/Hyperpigmentation. Accessed November 11, 2024.
Zeiger, R. F. (2014). Hyperpigmentation. In Diagnosaurus (4th ed.). McGraw-Hill Education. https://im.unboundmedicine.com/medicine/view/Diagnosaurus/114223/0/Hyperpigmentation
Zeiger RFR. Hyperpigmentation [Internet]. In: Diagnosaurus. McGraw-Hill Education; 2014. [cited 2024 November 11]. Available from: https://im.unboundmedicine.com/medicine/view/Diagnosaurus/114223/0/Hyperpigmentation.
* Article titles in AMA citation format should be in sentence-case
TY - ELEC
T1 - Hyperpigmentation
ID - 114223
A1 - Zeiger,Roni F,
Y1 - 2014/12/01/
BT - Diagnosaurus
UR - https://im.unboundmedicine.com/medicine/view/Diagnosaurus/114223/0/Hyperpigmentation
PB - McGraw-Hill Education
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DB - Medicine Central
DP - Unbound Medicine
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