The 5-Minute Clinical Consult

Title Page

The 5-Minute Clinical Consult 2025, 33rd Edition
Copyright © 2025 WOLTERS KLUWER. All rights reserved.

Editors

Editor-in-Chief

Frank J. Domino, MD
Professor and Director of Predoctoral Education
Department of Family Medicine and Community Health
UMass Chan Medical School
Worcester, Massachusetts

Associate Editors

Robert A. Baldor, MD, FAAFP
Professor and Founding Chair
Department of Family Medicine
UMass Chan Medical School-Baystate
Springfield, Massachusetts
Designated Institutional Official
Baystate Franklin Medical Center
Greenfield, Massachusetts

Kathleen A. Barry, MD
Assistant Professor
UMass Chan Medical School
Department of Family Medicine and Community Health
Hahnemann Family Health Center
Worcester, Massachusetts

Jeremy Golding, MD, FAAFP
Professor of Family Medicine and Obstetrics & Gynecology
UMass Chan Medical School
Department of Family Medicine and Community Health
University of Massachusetts Memorial Health Care
Hahnemann Family Health Center
Worcester, Massachusetts

Mark B. Stephens, MD, MS, FAAFP
Associate Dean for Medical Education
Professor of Family and Community Medicine
Professor of Humanities
Penn State College of Medicine
University Park, Pennsylvania

Dedication

This edition is dedicated to Lauren Evelyn Clark.

-Mark B. StephenS, MD, MS, FAAFP

Preface

“...to know that one life has breathed easier because you lived. This is to have succeeded.”

This is the last line of poem attributed to Ralph Waldo Emerson. I share it with my fourth-year med students every year. And added it to this book a few years back.

Very few professions offer this opportunity to help someone “breathe easier,” both literally and metaphorically. We have challenging and amazing professions. To know more about someone than their spouse; sometimes even more than they know about themselves and the opportunity to help them live physically, mentally, and emotionally better is a huge task and our “superpower.”

Yet, in the hectic minutes of our busy days, we may not be aware of or mindful of all that we have and all that we do.

Anthropologist Jane Goodall reminds us:

“You cannot get through a single day without having an impact on the world around you. What you do makes a difference, and you have to decide what kind of difference you want to make.”

Making the decision to have this impact, to make one person’s world, and the entire world, a better place comes at great personal cost and sacrifice (I know). The fulfillment of helping someone breathe easier is your gift. And maybe your payment.

Thank you.

Welcome to the 2025 edition of The 5-Minute Clinical Consult. Your clinical practice is full of challenges and unanswered questions. Your use of this amazing tool will provide you with the answers needed to help your patients live to their fullest.

The 5-Minute Clinical Consult is here to assist in fulfilling our role as health care providers. In each patient interaction, in addition to bringing your clinical expertise, remember how your patients view you—as their advocate, someone who prioritizes their well-being unlike anyone else.

Our editorial team has collaborated with hundreds of authors so that you may deliver your patients the best care. Each topic provides you with quick answers you can trust, where and when you need them most, either in print or online.

This highly organized content online provides you with the following:
• Differential diagnosis support from our expanded collection of algorithms
• Current evidence-based designations highlighted in each topic covering 500+ commonly encountered diseases in print, with an additional 1,000 online adult and pediatric diseases and conditions topics:
• FREE point-of-care CME and CE: 1/2-hour credit for every digital search
• A to Z drug database from Facts & Comparisons
• Laboratory test interpretation from Wallach’s Interpretation of Diagnostic Tests
• More than 3,000 patient handouts in English and Spanish
• ICD-10 codes; additionally, SNOMED codes are available online.

Our Web site delivers quick answers to your questions. It is an ideal resource for patient care. Integrating The 5-Minute Clinical Consult content into your workflow is easy and fast, and our patient education handouts can assist in helping you meet meaningful use compliance.

The site provides an easy-to-use interface, allowing smooth maneuverability between topics, algorithms, images, videos, and patient education materials as well as more than 1,000 online-only topics.

Evidence-based health care is the integration of the best medical information with the values of the patient and your skill as a clinician. We have updated our evidence-based medicine (EBM) content so you can focus on how to best apply it in your practice.

The algorithm section includes both diagnostic and treatment algorithms. This easy-to-use graphic method helps you evaluate an abnormal finding and prioritize treatment. They are also excellent teaching tools, so share them with the learners in your office.

This book and Web site are a source to solve problems and to help evaluate, diagnose, and treat patients’ concerns. Use your knowledge, expressed through your words and actions, to address their anxiety.

The 33rd edition means I have had the great fortune to help grow and support this content for half of its life. I am honored to play this role and hope to keep doing so for some years to come. I thank you, the reader, and the team at Wolters Kluwer for your support.

The 5-Minute Clinical Consult editorial team values your observations, so please share your thoughts, suggestions, and constructive criticism through our Web site’s contact form.

Frank J. DoMino, MD

Evidence-Based Medicine

WHAT IS EVIDENCE-BASED MEDICINE?

We used to treat every otitis media with antibiotics. These recommendations came about because we applied logical reasoning to observational studies. If bacteria cause an acute otitis media, then antibiotics should help it resolve sooner, with less morbidity. Yet, when
rigorously studied (via a systematic review), we found little benefit to this intervention.

The underlying premise of EBM is the evaluation of medical interventions and the literature that supports those interventions in a systematic fashion. EBM hopes to encourage treatments proven to be effective and safe. And when insufficient data exist, it hopes to inform you on how to safely proceed.

EBM uses end points of real patient outcomes, morbidity, mortality, and risk. It focuses less on intermediate outcomes (bone density) and more on patient conditions (hip fractures).

Implementing EBM requires three components: the best medical evidence, the skill and experience of the provider, and the values of the patients. Should this patient be screened for prostate cancer? It depends on what is known about the test, on what you know of its benefits and harms, your ability to communicate that information, and that patient’s informed choice.

This book hopes to address the first EBM component, providing you access to the best information in a quick format. Although not every test or treatment has this level of detail, many of the included interventions here use systematic review literature support.

The language of medical statistics is useful in interpreting the concepts of EBM. Below is a list of these terms, with examples to help take the confusion and mystery out of their use.

Prevalence: proportion of people in a population who have a disease (in the United States, 0.3% [3 in 1,000] people > 50 years old have colon cancer)
Incidence: how many new cases of a disease occur in a population during an interval of time; for example, “The estimated incidence of colon cancer in the United States is 104,000 in 2005.”
Sensitivity: percentage of people with disease who test positive; for mammography, the sensitivity is 71–96%.
Specificity: percentage of people without disease who test negative; for mammography, the specificity is 94–97%.

Suppose you saw ML, a 53-year-old woman, for a health maintenance visit, ordered a screening mammogram, and the report demonstrates an irregular area of microcalcifications. She is waiting in your office to receive her test results; what can you tell her?

Sensitivity and specificity refer to people who are known to have disease (sensitivity) or those who are known not to have disease (specificity). But what you have is an abnormal test result. To better explain this result to ML, you need the positive predictive value.

Positive predictive value (PPV): percentage of positive test results that are truly positive; the PPV for a woman aged 50 to 59 years is approximately 22%. That is to say that only 22% of abnormal screening mammograms in this group truly identified cancer. The other 78% are false positives.

You can tell ML only 1 out of 5 abnormal mammograms correctly identifies cancer; the other 4 are false positives, but the only way to know which mammogram is correct is to do further testing.

The corollary of the PPV is the negative predictive value (NPV), which is the percentage of negative test results that are truly negative.

The PPV and NPV tests are population dependent, whereas the sensitivity and specificity are characteristics of the test and have little to do with the patient in front of you. So when you receive an abnormal lab result, especially a screening test such as mammography, understand their limits based on their PPV and NPV.

Treatment information is a little different. In discerning the statistics of randomized controlled trials of interventions, first consider an example. The Scandinavian Simvastatin Survival Study (4S) (Lancet. 1994;344[8934]:1383–1389) found using simvastatin in patients at high risk for heart disease for 5 years resulted in death for 8% of simvastatin patients versus 12% of those on placebo; this results in a relative risk of 0.70, a relative risk reduction of 33%, and a number needed to treat of 25.

There are two ways of considering the benefits of an intervention with respect to a given outcome. The absolute risk reduction is the difference in the percentage of people with the condition before and after the intervention. Thus, if the incidence of myocardial infarction (MI) was 12% for the placebo group and 8% for the simvastatin group, the absolute risk reduc tion is 4% (12% - 8% = 4%).

The relative risk reduction reflects the improvement in the outcome as a percentage of the original rate and is commonly used to exaggerate the benefit of an intervention. Thus, if the risk of MI were reduced by simvastatin from 12% to 8%, then the relative risk reduction would be 33% (4% / 12% = 33%); 33% sounds better than 4%, but the 4% is the absolute risk reduction and reflects the true outcome.

Absolute risk reduction is usually a better measure of clinical significance of an intervention. For instance, in one study, the treatment of mild hypertension has been shown to have relative risk reduction of 40% over 5 years (40% fewer strokes in the treated group). However, the absolute risk reduction was only 1.3%. Because mild hypertension is not strongly associated with strokes, aggressive treatment of mild hypertension yields only a small clinical benefit. Don’t confuse relative risk reduction with relative risk.

Absolute (or attributable) risk (AR): the percentage of people in the placebo or intervention group who reach an end point; in the 4S, the absolute risk of death was 8%.

Relative risk (RR): the risk of disease of those treated or exposed to some intervention (i.e., simvastatin) divided by those in the placebo group or who were untreated
• If RR is < 1.0, it reduces risk—the smaller the number, the greater the risk reduction.
• If RR is > 1.0, it increases risk—the greater the number, the greater the risk increase.

Hazard ratio: the probability of an event in a treatment group versus the probability of events in a control group at a given time (can be calculated at any time in the study; often applied to observational data); like RR, if HR is statistically < 1.0, it reduces risk; if > 1.0, it increases risk.
Relative risk reduction (RRR): the relative decrease in risk of an end point compared to the percentage of that end point in the placebo group

If you are still confused, just remember that the RRR is an overestimation of the actual effect.

Number needed to treat (NNT): This is the number of people who need to be treated by an intervention to prevent one adverse outcome. A “good” NNT can be a large number (100) if risk of serious outcome is great. If the risk of an outcome is not that dangerous, then
lower (25) NNTs are preferred.

The NNT should be compared to a similar statistic, the number needed to harm (NNH). This is the number of people who have to be given treatment before one excess side effect or harm occurs. When the NNT is compared to the NNH, you and the patient can judge whether the benefit of the intervention is great enough to outweigh the risk of harm.

EVIDENCED-BASED GRADING
To help you interpret diagnostic and treatment recommendations within The 5-Minute Clinical Consult, we have graded the best information within the text and highlighted this content.

An “A” grade means the reference is from the highest quality resource, such as a systematic review. A systematic review is a summary of the medical literature on a given topic that uses strict, explicit methods to perform a thorough search of the literature and then provides a critical appraisal of individual studies, concluding in a recommendation. The most prestigious collection of systematic reviews is from the Cochrane Collaboration (www.cochrane.org).

A “B” grade means the data referenced comes from high-quality randomized controlled trials performed to minimize bias in their outcome. Bias is anything that interferes with the truth; in the medical literature, it is often unintentional, but it is much more common than we appreciate. In short, always assume some degree of bias exist in any research endeavor.

A “C” grade implies the reference used does not meet the A or B requirements; they are often treatments recommended by consensus groups (such as the American Cancer Society). In some cases, they may be the standards of care. But implicit in a group’s recommendation is the bias of the author or the group that supports the reference.

BIAS
Bias is anything that interferes with the truth. There are many types of bias that should be considered by the publishers of medical information. Below describes a number of bias types that often affect our care without us knowing it is present.

Publication bias occurs when research is not published. The motivation to publish information that “didn’t work” is low. It is estimated up to 40% of all medical research never gets published. When you read of an effective intervention, wonder if other studies did not show benefit and went unpublished.

Comparator bias occurs when research compares an intervention to not the standard of care. Knowing a new treatment is more effective than placebo for treating a condition is not helpful if you typically use a drug or procedure. Why not study comparing the new to the standard of care? Sometimes, the new treatment is no better than the current standard. And if a study was done to see if the new is better than the old and not published, you have an example of publication bias.

Selection bias involves choosing study populations that might be different than the average patient or just reporting a just subset of study participants from a study. Either will result in the data being skewed because it can only be applied to small subset of people.

Attrition bias and the concept of intention to treat. Attrition bias is when researchers address how a study deals with participants who do not adhere to the research protocol or drop out completely. Intention to treat analysis hopes to diminish attrition bias by statistically considering the nonadhering or dropped out patients as unsuccessfully benefiting from the intervention.

Commercial (funder) bias involves who paid for the research being done, and do they have a vested interest in the outcome. If the developer of a new drug does a large study, or a researcher has a personal financial interest in seeing a study succeed, they may consciously or unconsciously alter what is reported. The data may be accurate, but until this is studied by less vested interests, it is difficult to accept the conclusions.

A systematic review gathers all the literature on a topic, say using antibiotics to treat otitis media, and combines the data to determine if the sum of all the trials tells a different story than any single trial. The large number of participants in this type of research results in a much more statistically (and clinically) significant conclusion than any single paper.

A meta-analysis is a quantitative systematic review and demonstrates its outcomes in the form of a forest plot. The interpretation of a forest plot is to look for the diamond on the bottom. If it is totally to LEFT of the vertical line, it means risk of an outcome was reduced by
the intervention. If it is fully to the RIGHT, then risk of that outcome was increased. And if the diamond touches the vertical line, it means there was no statistical influence of the intervention on the outcome.

We hope this brief introduction to EBM has been informative, clear, and helpful. If any of the information above seems unclear, or if you have a question, please contact us via the 5MinuteConsult Web site.

Acknowledgments

This is the 33rd edition of The 5-Minute Clinical Consult, a comprehensive point-of-care tool to assist in the care of patients. From beginning to end, one cannot find a more current and easy-to-use collection of clinically useful content.

Developing and maintaining a book and Web site of this magnitude requires an equally broad effort from its supporting team. I wish to thank the dedication and tireless efforts of many: Rebecca Schmidt, product lead, medical education and medical practice; Cindy Yoo, development editor; Joe Cho, acquisitions editor; and Lisa McAllister, vice president, medical practice.

This 2025 edition is the direct result of the dedication and insights of our associate editors. I wish to thank Drs. Robert A. Baldor, Jeremy Golding, Mark B. Stephens, and Kathleen A. Barry for their hard work and overwhelming commitment to The 5-Minute Clinical Consult.

I wish to especially thank my wife, Sylvia, and my daughter, Molly, who have given greatly for this book.

The challenge of completing a book covering this broad spectrum of medicine requires insights and skills far beyond my own. Many thanks to my mentors, Bob Baldor and Mark Quirk, who have been an enormous support— always there to encourage, reassure, and impart wisdom.

Many in the academic and health care worlds are due thanks for support, insight, and friendship:

M. Diane McKee, Michele Pugnaire, Karen Rayla, Maryanne Adams, Erica White, Phil Fournier, Erik Garcia, Jeff Stovall, Jim Comes, Leah Honor, J. Herb Stevenson, Michael Kidd, Zainab Nawab, Sanjiv and Amita Chopra, Vasilios (Bill) Chrisostomidis, James (Jay) Broadhurst, Christina Kim, Madhavi Medipally, the staff of Shrewsbury Family Medicine, Ben Babbitt, Joyce Paquette, Priscila Velez, Brittany McLean, Michelle Leboeuf, Chad Ren, Joseph Frappier, my amazing colleagues Mark Powicki, Steve Messineo, Jill Terrien, Susan Feeney, Mariyan Montaque, Jillian Joseph, Jim Nairus, Kayla Chalmers, Danielle Ferreira, Rick Watson, and Sara Floros, and the faculty and students of the University of Massachusetts Medical School.

Medicine is a challenge I have fortunately not had to meet alone. Thanks to my parents, Frank and Angela (Jean); my brother, John, and his family, Marylou, Cate, and Jane; Frank, Mary Anne, Diane, and David Christian; the Diana and Hymie Lipschitz family; and the Bob and Ruth Pabreza family; they are responsible for who I am and my success in life.

I am blessed with the best of friends; without them, I would not be a physician. Thanks to Bob Bacic; Ron Jautz; Richard Onorato; John Horcher; Auguste Turnier; Bob Smith; Paul Saivetz; Bob and Nancy Gallinaro; Drew and Jill Grimes; Louay Toma; Laurie, Alan, Daniel, Jenny, and Matt Bugos; Alan Ehrlich; Andy Jennings; Bill Demianiuk; John and Kathleen Polanowicz; Phil and Carol Pettine; Mark and Linda Shelton; Steve Bennett; Vicki Triolo; and Bob and Laurie Jenal, Mike Rousse, Cliff Sterns, and Conor Wallace.

—Frank J. DoMino, MD

Contributing Authors

Hanadi Abou Dargham, MD
Associate Program Director
Department of Family Medicine
St. Joseph’s Medical Center
Stockton, California

Laith Abushanab, MD
Emergency Medicine Resident
Department of Emergency Department
Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School
New Brunswick, New Jersey

Adel M. Abuzeid, MBBS
Associate Professor, Surgery
Augusta University Medical Center
Augusta, Georgia

Ryan Accomazzo, MD, MPH
Concord, North Carolina

Cyrus Adams-Mardi, MD, MS
The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences
Washington, District of Columbia

Ronald N. Adler, MD, FAAFP
Associate Professor
Department of Family Medicine and Community Health
University of Massachusetts Medical School
Worcester, Massachusetts

Adwoa A. Adu, MD
Family Medicine Core Faculty
Department of Family Medicine
University of South Carolina
Greenville, South Carolina

Faraz Ahmad, MD, MPH^†
Assistant Clinical Professor
Department of Family and Community Medicine
Ohio State University
Columbus, Ohio

Hiba Ahmad, PharmD BCOP^†
Clinical Oncology Pharmacist
University of Colorado
Aurora, Colorado

Yasir Ahmed, MD
Cornea, Cataract, and Refractive Surgeon
Eye Center of Texas
Houston, Texas

Stephanie Algenio-Anciro, MD
Resident Physician
Department of Family Medicine
David Grant Medical Center
Travis Air Force Base, California

Fozia Akhtar Ali, MD, FAAFP
Diplomat of American Board of Obesity Medicine
Associate Professor
Family and Community Medicine Department
UT Health San Antonio
San Antonio, Texas

Nabeel Ali, MD
Associate Program Director
Department of Family Medicine
Baptist Memorial Medical Education
Southaven, Mississippi

Aya Allam, MD
Department of Family Medicine
Creighton University
Omaha, Nebraska

Richard W. Allinson, MD
Associate Professor
Department of Ophthalmology
Texas A&M Health Science Center
Bryan, Texas
Senior Staff Physician
Baylor Scott & White Clinic
Waco, Texas

Alqasem Alsaqri, MD
Resident Physician
Department of Family Medicine
Advocate Christ Medical Center Family Medicine Program
Oak Lawn, Illinois

Bremmy L. Alsbrooks, DO, MPH
Resident Physician
Department of Graduate Medical Education
HCA Medical City Arlington
Arlington, Texas

Maureen Alvarado, DO
Assistant Professor/Clinical
Department of Family and Community Medicine
UT Health San Antonio
San Antonio, Texas

Christoffer Amdahl, MD
Resident Physician
Department of Family Medicine
HCA Medical City Arlington
Arlington, Texas

Khorshid Amirkhosravi, MD
UT Health
San Antonio, Texas

Alyssa Anderson, MD
Assistant Professor
Department of Family and Community Medicine
Penn State College of Medicine
Hershey, Pennsylvania

Garland E. Anderson II, MD
Associate Clinical Professor
Department of Rural Family Medicine
Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center New Orleans
New Orleans, Louisiana

Justin Ryan Andrada, DO
Resident Physician
Department of Family Medicine
St. Joseph Hospital Chicago
Chicago, Illinois

Rose Katherine Appel, DO
Associate Program Director
Department of Graduate Medical Education
AdventHealth East Orlando
Orlando, Florida

Camille A. Archer, MD
Director of Child & Adolescent Outpatient Psychiatry
Department of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry
Brookdale Hospital Medical Center, One
Brooklyn Health Brooklyn, New York

Ann M. Aring, MD, FAAFP
Associate Program Director
Department of Family Medicine Residency
OhioHealth Riverside Methodist Hospital
Columbus, Ohio

Alaina Aristide, MD
Resident Physician
Lawrence Family Medicine Residency
Lawrence, Massachusetts

Michael A. Armstrong, MD
Resident Physician
Department of Family Medicine
HCA Medical City Arlington
Arlington, Texas

James J. Arnold, DO, FACOFP^†
Director of Medical Education
96th Medical Group/Eglin Hospital
Eglin Air Force Base, Florida

Michael J. Arnold, MD^†
Assistant Professor
Department of Family Medicine
Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences
Bethesda, Maryland

Chris Artner, MD
Resident
Department of Internal Medicine Residency Program
University of Louisville
Louisville, Kentucky

Ashley Asensio, DO
Resident Physician
Department of Emergency Medicine
Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School
New Brunswick, New Jersey

Maximos Attia, MD, FAAFP
Associate Professor
Department of Family Medicine
Guthrie
Sayre, Pennsylvania

Justin Atwood, MD
Prisma Health
Columbia, South Carolina

Frantz Aubry, MD
Clinical Fellow
Department of Psychiatry
One Brookdale Health
Brooklyn, New York

Sandra S. Augusto, MD, MPH
Education Director
Barre, Worcester Family Residency Program
Assistant Professor, UMass Chan Medical School
Full Spectrum Family Medicine with OB Faculty, BFHC
Department of Family Medicine and Community Health
UMass Memorial Hospital
Worcester, Massachusetts

Sudeep K. Aulakh, MD, FACP, FRCPC
Director, Ambulatory Education
UMass Chan Medical School-Baystate
Springfield, Massachusetts

Ben Ayotte, MD
Clinical Assistant Professor, Division of Hospital Medicine
Department of Internal Medicine
Michigan Medicine, University of Michigan
Ann Arbor, Michigan

Sanaa Ayyoub, MD
Endocrinologist
Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center
Manchester, New Hampshire

Sultan Mahmood Babar, MD, CAQSM, FAAFP
Consultant Physician
Department of Emergency Medicine
King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Centre
Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

Franklyn C. Babb, MD, FAAFP
Professor
Department of Family and Community Medicine
Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center
School of Medicine
Lubbock, Texas

Melissa E. Badowski, PharmD, MPH
Clinical Associate Professor
Department of Pharmacy Practice
University of Illinois at Chicago College of Pharmacy
Chicago, Illinois

Andrew Baird, MD
PGY-3 Family Medicine Resident
HCA Healthcare/Mercer University School of Medicine
Grand Strand Medical Center
Family Medicine Residency Program
Myrtle Beach, South Carolina

Frederic Baker Mills IV, MD, MS
Orthopaedic Surgery Resident
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery
Duke University Health System
Durham, North Carolina

Robert A. Baldor, MD, FAAFP
Professor and Founding Chair
Department of Family Medicine
UMass Chan Medical School-Baystate
Springfield, Massachusetts
Designated Institutional Official
Baystate Franklin Medical Center
Greenfield, Massachusetts

Kenneth A. Ballou, MD
Associate Professor of Clinical Medicine
Department of Family Medicine
University of California at Riverside School of Medicine
Riverside, California

Laurel Banach, MD
Department of Family Medicine
UMass Memorial Medical Center
Worcester, Massachusetts

Tara Baney, MS, CRNP
Nurse Practitioner
Department of Family and Community Medicine
Penn State Health
State College, Pennsylvania

Zeina M. Bani Hani, MBBS
The George Washington University
Washington, District of Columbia

Sophia R. Barber, DO
PGY-1
Department of Family Medicine
AHN Forbes Family Medicine Residency
Monroeville, Pennsylvania

Elise Joyce Barney, DO
Clinical Assistant Professor
Department of Internal Medicine
University of Arizona College of Medicine
Phoenix, Arizona

John P. Barrett, MD, MPH, MS^†
COL, MC, USA
Adjunct Associate Professor
Deputy Director
Uniformed Services University
War Related Illness and Injury Study Center
Washington DC VA Medical Center
Washington, District of Columbia

Kathleen A. Barry, MD
Associate Professor
UMass Chan Medical School
Department of Family Medicine and Community Health
Hahnemann Family Health Center
Worcester, Massachusetts

Tricia Bautista, MD
Resident Physician
Family Medicine Residency Program
Adventist Health Hanford
Hanford, California

Orly Bell, MD, MPH
Resident Physician
Department of Family Medicine
University of California Los Angeles
Los Angeles, California

Paul P. Belliveau, PharmD
Professor of Pharmacy Practice
Department of Pharmacy Practice
Massachusetts College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences
Worcester, Massachusetts

Brandis Belt, MD, MPH
Assistant Residency Director
Department of Family Medicine
Robert Wood Johnson University Hospital Somerset
Somerville, New Jersey

Brock A. Benedict, DO
US Army
Family Physician
Womack Army Community Hospital
Fort Liberty, North Carolina

Ambreka Benons, MD
Psychiatry Resident
Brooklyn, New York

Ivan Berezowski, MD
Resident Physician
Department of General Internal Medicine
The George Washington University Hospital
Washington, District of Columbia

Jasmine S. Beria, DO, MPH
Assistant Professor
Department of Medicine
NYU Langone Hospital Long Island
Mineola, New York

Bryan G. Beutel, MD
Assistant Professor
Kansas City University College of Medicine
Kansas City, Missouri

Rajarshi Bhadra, MD
Clinical Fellow
Department of Nephrology
University of Massachusetts Medical School
Worcester, Massachusetts

Prarthna V. Bhardwaj, MBBS
Fellow, Department of Hematology Oncology
UMass Chan Medical School-Baystate
Springfield, Massachusetts

Siddhi Bhivandkar, MD
Department of Psychiatry
St. Elizabeth’s Medical Center
Boston University
Boston, Massachusetts

Ghazaleh Bigdeli, MD, FCCP
Pulmonary Rehab Associates
Youngstown, Ohio

Wendy S. Biggs, MD
Professor, Family Medicine
Central Michigan University College of Medicine
Saginaw, Michigan

Dmitry Bisk, MD
Associate Director
HonorHealth Scottsdale Osborn Family Medicine Residency Program
HonorHealth
Scottsdale, Arizona

Haley Bodette, MD
Resident Physician
Department of Family Medicine
ProHealth Waukesha Memorial Hospital
Waukesha, Wisconsin

Frances J. Boly, DO
Department of Infectious Diseases
Advocate Christ Medical Center
Oak Lawn, Illinois

Curtis W. Bone, MD, MHS
Assistant Professor
Department of Family and Community Medicine
Penn State Health Milton S. Hershey Medical Center
Hershey, Pennsylvania

Marie L. Borum, MD, EdD, MPH^†
Professor of Medicine
Director of the Division of Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases
Department of Medicine
George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Care Sciences
Washington, District of Columbia

Katherine E. Bouchard, DO
Department of Family Medicine
Methodist Charlton Medical Center
Dallas, Texas

Melissa Boucher, DO, MPH
Chief Resident, Ascension St. Joseph Family Medicine Residency
Department of Family Medicine
Ascension St. Joseph Hospital
Chicago, Illinois

William McCormick Bowen, MD
Program Director
UNM Santa Fe Family Medicine Residency
Santa Fe, New Mexico

Greg Bowlin, MD
Assistant Professor
Primary Care Sports Medicine
Texas A&M College of Medicine
College Station, Texas

William B. Bradley, MD
Florida State University College of Medicine
Tallahassee, Florida

Makenna Brezitski, MD, Med
Resident Physician
Department of Family & Community Medicine
Penn State Health Milton S. Hershey Medical Center
Hershey, Pennsylvania

Katy (Ekaterina) Brodski-Quigley, MD, EdM
Physician, Urgent Care
Waltham, Massachusetts

David T. Broome, MD
Assistant Professor
Department of Internal Medicine
Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology, and Diabetes
University of Michigan
Ann Arbor, Michigan

Kathryn M. Brown, MD, MS
Assistant Professor
Department of Family Medicine and Community Health
University of Minnesota
Minneapolis, Minnesota

Phillip Charles Brown, MD
Assistant Clinical Professor
UCLA Family Medical Department
Los Angeles, California

Daniella Davida Brutman, MD
Physician
Department of Family Medicine
AMITA Health Saint Joseph Hospital Chicago
Chicago, Illinois

Liz Buck, MD
Department of Family Medicine
University of Washington
Seattle, Washington

Bonnie A. Buechel, MD, MS
Resident Physician
Department of Family and Community Medicine
Penn State Health Milton S. Hershey Medical Center
Hershey, Pennsylvania

Han Q. Bui, MD, MPH^†
Chief Medical Officer
International SoS
Houston, Texas

Dylan Buller, MD
Resident
Department of Urology
UConn Health
Farmington, Connecticut

Chelsea Leigh Bunce, DO
New Brunswick, New Jersey

Kyle Burke, DO
Department of Family and Community Medicine
Penn State Health Milton S. Hershey Medical Center
Hershey, Pennsylvania

Liam P. Burke, MD
Assistant Professor
Department of Family Medicine and Community Health
University of Massachusetts Medical School
Worcester, Massachusetts

Harold J. Bursztajn, MD
Associate Professor of Psychiatry, Part-Time
Department of Psychiatry
Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center
Harvard Medical School
Boston, Massachusetts

Jared Caballes, MD
Resident Physician
Department of Family Medicine
Kaweah Health Medical Center
Visalia, California

Jennifer W. Caceres, MD
Associate Professor of Medicine
Department of Medicine
Schmidt College of Medicine at Florida Atlantic University
Boca Raton, Florida

David C. Cadena Jr., MD^†
Assistant Professor
Department of Family and Community Medicine
University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio
San Antonio, Texas

Kristen R. Canady, MD, PhD
Department of Family and Community Medicine
University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio
San Antonio, Texas

Justin Paul Canakis, DO
Resident Doctor
Department of Internal Medicine
George Washington University
Washington, District of Columbia

Etny Raul Candelario, MD, MS
Department of Family and Community Medicine
University of Texas Health Science Center
San Antonio, Texas

Dana G. Carroll, PharmD, BCPS, CDCES,BCGP
Clinical Professor
Department of Pharmacy Practice
Auburn University Harrison School of Pharmacy
Tuscaloosa, Alabama

Samantha Carroll, MD
Hospitalist
Department of Pediatrics
AdventHealth for Children
Orlando, Florida

Elizabeth H. Carver, DNP, FNP-BC, CNE
Nurse Practitioner
Occupational Health and Wellness
Duke University
Durham, North Carolina

Robert J. Casey, MD
Affiliate Assistant Professor
Clerkship Director, Pediatrics
Department of Women’s and Children’s Health
Charles E. Schmidt College of Medicine
Florida Atlantic University
Boca Raton, Florida

Casandra Cashman, MD, FAAFP
Assistant Director
Community East Family Medicine Residency Program
Indianapolis, Indiana

Michelle Caster, MD
Assistant Professor
Department of Family Medicine
University Hospitals
Cleveland, Ohio

Jennifer E. Cavin, MD
Assistant Professor
Department of Family Medicine
Dell Medical School, The University of Texas at Austin
Austin, Texas

William E. Cayley Jr., MD, Mdiv
Adjunct Clinical Professor
University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health
Prevea Family Medicine Residency
Eau Claire, Wisconsin

Jan Cerny, MD, PhD^†
Associate Professor of Medicine
Department of Medicine
Division of Hematology/Oncology
University of Massachusetts Medical School
Worcester, Massachusetts

Morgan Lee Chambers, MD, MEd
PGY2
Department of Family and Community Medicine
Penn State Health Milton S. Hershey Medical Center
Hershey, Pennsylvania

Ronald G. Chambers Jr., MD, FAAFP^†
Program Director
Department of Family Medicine
Dignity Health
Sacramento, California

Christine Chan, MD
Faculty
Hawai’i Island Family Medicine Residency
Hilo Medical Center
Hilo, Hawaii

Sangili Chandran, MD
Director, Primary Care Sports Medicine
Advocate Christ Medical Center
Oak Lawn, Illinois
Associate Professor
Department of Family Medicine
Chicago Medical School
Roslind Franklin University of Medicine and Science
Chicago, Illinois

Clifford M. Chang, MD
Resident Physician
Department of Emergency Medicine
Inspira Vineland Medical Center
Vineland, New Jersey

Felix B. Chang, MD, DABMA, ABIHM, ABIM
Director, Inpatient Service
University of Massachusetts
Fitchburg Family Medicine Residency Program
Hospitalist, Family Medicine University of Massachusetts Medical School
Worcester, Massachusetts
Hospitalist
Department of Hospital Medicine
University of Massachusetts Memorial Medical Group
Leominster, Massachusetts

Jennifer G. Chang, MD^†
LtCol, USAF, MC
Department of Family Medicine Residency
96th Medical Group
Eglin Air Force Base, Florida

Juliana Chang, MD
Rheumatology Fellow
University of California, Irvine
Irvine, California

Jason Chao, MD, MS
Professor
Department of Family Medicine and Community Health
Case Western Reserve University and
University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center
Cleveland, Ohio

Kathya M. Chartre, MD
Department of Family Medicine
AMITA Health Saint Joseph Hospital
Chicago, Illinois

Parul Chaudhri, DO
Assistant Professor, Director of Osteopathic Education
Department of Family Medicine University of Toledo
Toledo, Ohio

Summer Chavez, DO, MPH, MPM
Clinical Assistant Professor
Department of Health Systems and Population
Health Sciences University of Houston
Houston, Texas

Janet Chen, DO
AdventHealth Orlando, Florida

Jeffrey Chen, MD
Clinical Instructor
Department of Internal Medicine
University of Texas at Houston, McGovern Medical School
Houston, Texas

Rensa Chen, DO
Resident Physician
Department of Family and Community Medicine
Penn State Health Milton S. Hershey Medical Center
Hershey, Pennsylvania

Teresa M. Chirayil, MD^†Resident Physician, Family Medicine Advocate
Christ Family Medicine Residency
Oak Lawn, Illinois

Luke Thomas Chmielecki, MD
Clinical Instructor
Department of Internal Medicine
Boston Medical Center
Boston, Massachusetts

Ratnesh Chopra, MD
Assistant Professor of Medicine
University of Massachusetts Medical School
Worcester, Massachusetts

Efstathia Choros, MD, CPA
Emergency Medicine Physician
Department of Emergency Medicine
University of Massachusetts Memorial Healthcare
Worcester, Massachusetts

Megan Ann Christopher, MD, MPH
Resident Physician
Department of Family Medicine
Dell Medical School, The University of Texas at Austin
Austin, Texas

Justin Chu, MD
Internal Medicine & Pediatrics
University of Louisville School of Medicine
Louisville, Kentucky

Vivian Nnenna Chukwuma, MD
Resident
Department of Internal Medicine
Advocate Christ Medical Center
Oak Lawn, Illinois

S. Lindsey Clarke, MD, FAAFP^†Medical University of South Carolina Area Health Education Consortium Professor (Greenwood/Family Medicine)
Director of Resident Education and Associate Program Director
Self Regional Healthcare
Greenwood, South Carolina

Karl T. Clebak, MD, MHA, FAAFP^†
Associate Professor, Program Director
Department of Family and Community Medicine
Penn State Health
Milton S. Hershey Medical Center
Hershey, Pennsylvania

Gregorio Climaco, MD
PGY-2 Family Medicine Resident
SouthWestern Illinois Family Medicine Resident
St. Elizabeth’s Hospital
O’Fallon, Illinois

Cerrone A. Cohen, MD
Assistant Professor
Duke Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences
Duke Family Medicine and Community Health
Duke University
Durham, North Carolina

Timothy J. Coker, MD, FAAFP^†
United States Air Force Academy
Air Force Academy, Colorado

Erik Colegrove, MD
Department of Family Medicine
Central Michigan University
Mount Pleasant, Michigan

Irene Coletsos, MD
Community Psychiatrist
Department of Behavioral Health
VinFen, Department of Mental Health
Quincy, Massachusetts

Jennifer R. Collins, PharmD
Clinical Pharmacy Specialist - Ambulatory Care
Community Health Network
Indianapolis, Indiana

Christina Conrad, DO
Department of Pediatric Emergency Medicine
Phoenix Children’s Hospital
Phoenix, Arizona

Sabina M. Constantine, DO
Clinical Assistant Professor
NYU Long Island School of Medicine
NYU Langone Hospital—Long Island
Mineola, New York

Stephanie L. Conway-Allen, PharmD, RPh
Associate Professor
Department of Pharmacy Practice
Massachusetts College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences University
Worcester, Massachusetts

Tonya M. Cook, PharmD
Faculty, Clinical Pharmacist
Department of Family Medicine Residency
St. Mary’s Medical Center Family Medicine Residency
Grand Junction, Colorado

Corey J. Costanzo, DO, MPH, MS
Assistant Professor
Department of Family Medicine
UMass Chan School of Medicine
Worcester, Massachusetts

Samantha Cotler, DO, MBA
Family Medicine Residency
AdventHealth East Orlando
Orlando, Florida

Benjamin Cottrell, DO
Resident Physician
AdventHealth East Orlando
Orlando, Florida

Caroline E. Cox, MD
Division of Surgery
Spartanburg Regional Medical Center
Spartanburg, South Carolina

Julie A. Creech, DO^†
Family Medicine Physician, Sports Medicine Physician, Primary Care Sports Medicine Fellow
United States Air Force
O’Fallen, Illinois

Jason Cross, PharmD, BCPS, BCACP
Associate Professor of Pharmacy Practice
Massachusetts College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences University
Worcester, Massachusetts

Hongyi Cui, MD, PhD
Associate Professor of Surgery, Associate Director, Acute Care Surgery
Department of Surgery
University of Massachusetts Memorial Medical Center
Worcester, Massachusetts

Shani H. Cunningham, DO, MEd, FAAP
Assistant Professor AdventHealth for Children
Orlando, Florida

Madeleine Cutrone, MD
Resident Physician
Department of Family Medicine
Novant Health Family Medicine Residency Program
Huntersville, North Carolina

Tina D’Amato, DO
Attending Family Physician
Charlotte Family Medicine
Charlotte, Vermont

Darnel Viray Dabu, MD, MPH, FAAFP
Faculty
Department of Family Medicine
Lakeside Medical Center
Belle Glade, Florida

Pawan Daga, MD
Resident
Department of Internal Medicine
University of Louisville
Louisville, Kentucky

Heather Ann Dalton, MD, FAAFP^†Hospice and Palliative Medicine Fellow
Department of Internal Medicine
UT Southwestern Medical Center
Dallas, Texas

Paul E. Daniel Jr., MD
Hospitalist
UMass Memorial Healthcare
Division of Hospital Medicine
Worcester, Massachusetts

Akhil Das, MD, FACS
Professor
Department of Urology
Thomas Jefferson University
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania

Amanda Kimberley Davis, MD, MBBS
Department of Family Medicine
Tallahassee Memorial Health Care FMRP
Tallahassee, Florida

Michelle A. Davis, DO
Resident Physician
Family and Community Medicine
University of Texas Health Science Center
San Antonio, Texas

Ana De Diego, MD
Resident Physician
Department of Internal Medicine
University of Miami at Holy Cross
Miami, Florida

Niyomi De Silva, MD
Associate Program Director
Department of Family Medicine
HCA Medical City Arlington
Arlington, Texas

Iain W. Decker, DO
Resident Physician
Department of Ophthalmology
Kettering Health Network Grandview Medical Center
Dayton, Ohio

Henry Del Rosario, MD
Assistant Professor
Department of Family Medicine and Community Health
University of Massachusetts Memorial Medical School
Worcester, Massachusetts

Emilee J. Delbridge, PhD, LMFT
Assistant Professor of Clinical Family Medicine
Department of Family Medicine
Indiana University
Indianapolis, Indiana

Konstantinos E. Deligiannidis, MD, MPH, FAAFP
Assistant Professor
Department of Family Medicine
Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell
Hempstead, New York

Malhar Desai, DO, MS, BA
Resident
Robert Wood Johnson - Emergency Department
Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School
New Brunswick, New Jersey

Michael DiGaetano, MD
Resident Physician
Department of Emergency Medicine
Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson University Hospital
New Brunswick, New Jersey

Sherilyn DeStefano, MD
Assistant Professor
Department of Family Medicine
Oregon Health and Science University
Portland, Oregon

Hillary Kieran Deveaux, MBBS
Resident
Department of Internal Medicine
Advocate Christ Medical Center
Oak Lawn, Illinois

Bradley Devrieze, MD
Assistant Professor
Department of Internal Medicine
Creighton University School of Medicine
Omaha, Nebraska

Gabriel J. Diaz, CRNP-BC, MS
Nurse Practitioner
Department of Gastroenterology
The George Washington University
Washington, District of Columbia

Amanda M. DiSabato, DO
Resident Physician
Department of Family Medicine
OhioHealth Riverside Methodist Hospital
Family Medicine Residency Program
Columbus, Ohio

Lena Dung Doan, DO
Resident Physician
Department of Family Medicine
Texas A&M Health Science Family Medicine Residency Program
Bryan, Texas

Loreal Dolar, DO
Resident Physician
Orlando, Florida

Frank J. Domino, MD
Professor and Director of Predoctoral Education
Department of Family Medicine and Community Health
UMass Chan Medical School
Worcester, Massachusetts

Andrea B. Dotson, MD, MSPH
Assistant Professor
Department of Family Medicine and Community Health
Durham, North Carolina

Ian P. Downin, MD, MHA
Resident Physician
Department of Family and Community Medicine
Penn State Health Milton S. Hershey Medical Center
Hershey, Pennsylvania

Joanna Drowos, DO, MPH, MBA
Associate Dean for Faculty Affairs
Associate Professor of Family Medicine
Charles E. Schmidt College of Medicine
Florida Atlantic University
Boca Raton, Florida

Milap Dubal, MD, MPH
Assistant Professor
Department of Family and Community Medicine
Penn State Health
Fishburn, Pennsylvania

Michelle E. Duffelmeyer, MD
Director of Didactic Education
College of Health Science
Westfield State University
Westfield, Massachusetts

Carla Dugas, DO
Core Faculty, Attending Physician
Department of Emergency Medicine
Inspira Medical Center
Vineland, New Jersey

Maurice Duggins, MD, FAAFP
Faculty
Clinical Associate Professor
Department of Family and Community Medicine
Ascension Via Christi Family Medicine Residency
Kansas University School of Medicine–Wichita
Wichita, Kansas

Ashten Duncan, MD, MPH, CPH
Resident Physician, PGY-3
Family and Community Medicine
University of New Mexico—Santa Fe Family Medicine Residency
Santa Fe, New Mexico

Muhammad I. Durrani, DO, MS^†
Assistant Research Director, Core Faculty
Department of Emergency Medicine
Inspira Medical Center
Vineland, New Jersey

Sudeshna Dutta, MD
Resident
Department of Family Medicine
Creighton University
Omaha, Nebraska

Farzad Effan, MBBS
Resident
Department of Family Medicine
Creighton University
Omaha, Nebraska

Stephany Giraldo Eierle, DO, MPH
UMass Memorial Chan Medical School
Worcester, Massachusetts

William G. Elder, PhD
Professor and Chair
Department of Behavioral and Social Sciences
University of Houston
Houston, Texas

Pamela Ellsworth, MD
Professor of Urology
University of Central Florida
Orlando, Florida

John F. Emerson, MD
Associate Professor
Department of Family Medicine
Prisma Health
Greenville, South Carolina

Deborah R. Erlich, MD, MmedEd, FAAFP
Associate Professor
Department of Family Medicine
Family Medicine Clerkship Director
Tufts University School of Medicine
Boston, Massachusetts

Justin T. Ertle, MD
Assistant Professor
Department of Internal Medicine
Medical College of Georgia at Augusta
University Augusta, Georgia

Emily J. Eshleman, DO, MS
Resident Physician
Department of Family Medicine
University of Massachusetts Medical School
Worcester, Massachusetts

Tyler R. Evans, DO
Assistant Professor
Department of Family and Community Medicine
University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center
Dallas, Texas

Vanessa Joyce M. Evardone, MD, BSMT
Fellow
Department of Geriatric Medicine
Florida Atlantic University (FAU)—West Palm Beach VA Medical Center
Boca Raton, Florida

Idil D. Ezhuthachan, MD, MS
Assistant Professor
Department of Pediatrics
Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta
Assistant Professor
Department of Pediatrics
Emory University
Atlanta, Georgia

Pang-Yen Fan, MD
Professor of Medicine
Division of Renal Medicine
University of Massachusetts Medical School
Worcester, Massachusetts

Jennifer Fantasia, MD
Assistant Professor
Department of Urology
University of Massachusetts Medical School
Worcester, Massachusetts

N. Max Farenwald, DO
Virginia Tech Carillon Clinic
Roanoke, Virginia

Rhonda A. Faulkner, PhD^†
Director of Behavioral Medicine
Department of Family Medicine
AMITA Health Saint Joseph Hospital Chicago
University of Illinois College of Medicine Master Affiliate
Chicago, Illinois

Jeffrey P. Feden, MD, FACEP
Associate Professor, Clinician Educator
Department of Emergency Medicine
The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University
Providence, Rhode Island

A. Susan Feeney, MS, DNP, FNP-BC
Assistant Professor
Director of Family and Adult-Gerontology NP Programs
Tan Chingfen Graduate School of Nursing
UMass Chan Medical School
Worcester, Massachusetts

Neil Feldman, DPM^†Central Massachusetts Podiatry, PC
Worcester, Massachusetts

Nolan P. Feola, MD^†Capt., Eglin Air Force Base Family Medicine Residency
Eglin Air Force Base
Shalimar, Florida

Gregory John Ferenchak, MD
Faculty Physician
Department of Family Medicine
Allegheny Health Network, Forbes Family Medicine Residency
Monroeville, Pennsylvania

Ulysses Fernandez-Miro, DO^†Department of Family Medicine
Air Force/Saint Louis University
O’Fallon, Illinois

Allison H. Ferris, MD
Associate Professor of Medicine
Chair of Department of Medicine
Program Director of Internal Medicine Residency
Florida Atlantic University Schmidt College of Medicine
Boca Raton, Florida

Anna Sophia Fields, MD
Memorial Family Medicine Residency
Houston, Texas

Matthew J. Filippo, DO
Associate Professor, Teaching/Clinical Psychiatrist
Department of Psychiatry
Advocate Lutheran General Hospital
Park Ridge, Illinois

Theodore B. Flaum, DO
Associate Professor
Department of Osteopathic Manipulative Medicine
NYIT College of Osteopathic Medicine
Old Westbury, New York

Kyle J. Fletke, MD
Assistant Professor
Department of Family and Community Medicine
University of Maryland School of Medicine
Baltimore, Maryland

Suzanne Florczyk, PharmD
Clinical Pharmacist Novant Health
Cornelius, North Carolina

Jane Marie Forbes, MD
Assistant Professor
Department of Family Medicine
University of Virginia
Charlottesville, Virginia

Jennifer G. Foster, MD, MBA, FACP
Associate Professor of Medicine
Charles E. Schmidt College of Medicine
Florida Atlantic University
Boca Raton, Florida

Zoe Foster, MD, FAAFP
Program Director
Department of Family and Preventive Medicine
Prisma Health
University of South Carolina
Columbia, South Carolina

Robert L. Frachtman, MD, FACG
Clinical Assistant Professor of Internal Medicine
Department of Internal Medicine/Gastroenterology
Dell Medical School, The University of Texas at Austin
Austin, Texas

Alex T. Fredrickson, MD
St. John’s Family Medicine Residency
St. Paul, Minnesota

Bruce Palmer Freshley Jr., MD
Fellow, Primary Care Sports Medicine
Department of Family and Community Medicine
Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University
Augusta, Georgia

Minjin Fromm, MD
Assistant Professor
Department of Orthopedics and Physical Rehabilitation
University of Massachusetts Medical School
Worcester, Massachusetts

Calli M. Fry, DO
Resident
Department of Family Medicine
Texas A&M Family Medicine Residency
Bryan, Texas

Mmaserame Gaefele, MD
Resident Physician, Family Medicine
UMass Chan Medical School-Baystate Health
Greenfield, Massachusetts

Rishi Gaiha, MD
Medical Director, Pain Management
Advocate Illinois Masonic Medical Center
Chicago, Illinois

Steven W. Gale, MD
Family Medicine Physician
Prevea Health
Green Bay, Wisconsin

Moises Gallegos, MD, MPH
Clinical Assistant Professor
Department of Emergency Medicine
Stanford University School of Medicine
Stanford, California

Pooja Gandhi, DO
PGY-2
University of Louisville Internal Medicine Residency
Louisville, Kentucky

Mark A. Gardon, DO, MS
Resident Physician
Department of Internal Medicine
University of Louisville
Louisville, Kentucky

Taylor Gaudard, MD, IBCLC
Assistant Professor
Department of Family Medicine
Central Michigan University College of Medicine
Saginaw, Michigan

Hermione Gaw, MD
Resident Physician
Department of Family Medicine Residency
Dignity Health Sacramento
Sacramento, California

Breanna Gawrys, DO
Associate Professor
Department of Family Medicine
Uniformed Services University
Bethesda, Maryland

Tamara L. Gayle, MD, Med
Department of Pediatric Hospital Medicine
Children’s National Medical Center
Washington, District of Columbia

Kamini Geer, MD, MPH
Women’s Health Fellowship Director
AdventHealth Winter Park
Winter Park, Florida

Joanne E. Genewick, DO, FAIHM
Assistant Professor of Family Medicine
Mayo Clinic Family Medicine Residency–Mankato
Mayo Clinic Health System
Mankato, Minnesota

Michelle A. Georgia, DO
Resident Physician
Department of Pediatrics
University of Massachusetts
Worcester, Massachusetts

Corinne Gibbons, MD, MPH
Family Physician
Greater Lawrence Family Health Center
Lawrence, Massachusetts

Lawrence M. Gibbs, MD, MSEd
Program Director
HCA Healthcare KC/Lees Summit Family—Medical Center Program
Lee’s Summit, Missouri

Daniel V. Girzadas Jr., MD
Department of Emergency Medicine
University of Illinois
Chicago, Illinois
Department of Emergency Medicine
Advocate Christ Medical Center
Oak Lawn, Illinois

Lawrence Go, MD
Resident
Department of Family and Community Medicine
Penn State Health
State College, Pennsylvania

Krystyna Guinevere Golden, MD^†Resident Physician
Eglin Family Medicine Residency
Eglin Air Force Base Hospital
Eglin Air Force Base, Florida

Frances L. Gonzalez Gonzalez, MD^†Family Medicine Resident Physician
AdventHealth
Winter Park, Florida

Lislie Lisete Gonzalez Veitia, MD
Geriatric Fellow
Department of Medical Education
Florida Atlantic University
Boca Raton, Florida

Hansaa Gopalakrishnan, MD
Resident Physician
Department of Family Medicine
HCA Houston Healthcare West/University of Houston
Houston, Texas

Emily Ann Gorman, DO
Assistant Program Director
Department of Family Medicine
OhioHealth Riverside Family Medicine
Columbus, Ohio

Kristina Gracey, MD, MPH
Assistant Professor
Department of Family Medicine and Community Health
University of Massachusetts
Worcester, Massachusetts

Michael Gray, MD
Springfield Hospital
Springfield, Vermont

Whitney Green, MD
Resident Physician
Department of Family Medicine
UTHSC–St. Francis
Memphis, Tennessee

Ramanpreet Grewal, MD
Family Medicine
Galesburg Cottage Hospital
Galesburg, Illinois

Hunter Grey, OD
Physician
Department of Ophthalmology/Optometry
Baylor Scott & White Medical Center
Waco, Texas

Simon B. Griesbach, MD^†
Assistant Director
Department of Family Medicine
Waukesha Family Medicine Residency at ProHealth Care
Waukesha, Wisconsin
Clinical Adjunct Assistant Professor
Department of Family Medicine and Community Health
Madison, Wisconsin
Assistant Clinical Professor
Department of Family and Community Medicine
Medical College of Wisconsin
Milwaukee, Wisconsin

Lauren A. Griffin, DO
Resident
Department of Family Medicine
Novant Health
Cornelius, North Carolina

Andrew Grimes, MD
Affiliate Clinical Faculty
Department of Perioperative Medicine
Dell Medical School, The University of Texas at Austin
Austin, Texas

Neena R. Gupta, MD^†
Associate Professor
Department of Pediatric Nephrology
UMass Memorial Medical Center
Worcester, Massachusetts

Sonia Gupta, MD
Resident
Department of Internal Medicine
Creighton University
Omaha, Nebraska

Emmeline Ha, MD
Health Policy Research Fellow
George Washington University
Washington, District of Columbia

Michael Haddadin, MD
Fellow
Department of Hematology
Oncology University of Massachusetts
Worcester, Massachusetts

Reem Hadi, MD
Board-Certified Family Physician
Forward Health
San Antonio, Texas

Matthew A. Halfar, MD
Assistant Professor
Department of Family and Community Medicine
Creighton University
Omaha, Nebraska

Thomas J. Hansen, MD^†
System Vice President Chief Academic Officer
Department of Academic Affairs
Advocate Aurora Health
Downers Grove, Illinois

Allison Hargreaves, MD
Assistant Professor of Family Medicine and Community Health
UMass Chan Medical School
Worcester, Massachusetts

Chelsea Harris, MD
Faculty
Department of Family Medicine
Lawrence Family Medicine Residency
Lawrence, Massachusetts

Alyssa Jeanne Vest Hart, DO, FAAFP
Program Director, St. Joseph Family Medicine Residency
Chicago, Illinois

Chandra Hartman, MD, FAAFP
Program Director
Greenfield Family Medicine Residency
UMass Chan Medical School-Baystate Health
Greenfield, Massachusetts

Fern R. Hauck, MD, MS, FAAFP
Professor
Spencer P. Bass, MD, Twenty-First Century Professor of Family Medicine
Professor of Public Health Sciences
Director of Research and Faculty Development
University of Virginia School of Medicine
Charlottesville, Virginia

Kelsey R. Henry, MD
Chief Resident
Department of Family Medicine
Ascension St. Vincent’s
Jacksonville, Florida

Luke T. Hentrich, PharmD
PGY-2 Pharmacotherapy Resident
The University of Tennessee Health Science Center
College of Pharmacy
Knoxville, Tennessee

Tony Cha Her, MD
Assistant Professor and Director of Anatomical Programs
Surgery Department
Charles E. Schmidt College of Medicine
Florida Atlantic University
Boca Raton, Florida

Emily N. Hernandez, DO
Resident Physician
Department of Family Medicine
Advocate Christ Medical Center
Oak Lawn, Illinois

Katelyn Hernandez, DO
Resident Physician
Department of Pediatrics
AdventHealth for Children
Orlando, Florida

Pablo I. Hernandez Itriago, MD, MHCM, FAAFP
Chief Medical Officer
Edward M. Kennedy Community Health Center
Assistant Professor
Department of Family Medicine and Community Health
UMass Chan Medical School
Worcester, Massachusetts

Christopher R. Heron, MD, BS
Associate Professor
Department of Family and Community Medicine
Penn State Health Milton S. Hershey Medical Center
Hershey, Pennsylvania

Lisa Hertz, MD
Department of Gastroenterology
Long Beach Memorial Medical Center
Long Beach, California

Zachary H. Hicks, DO
Family Medicine Resident
Family Medicine Residency Clinic
Travis Air Force Base
Fairfield, California

Jordan Patrick Hilgefort, MD
Assistant Professor
Department of Family and Geriatric Medicine
University of Louisville School of Medicine
Louisville, Kentucky

Joseph Daniel Hogue, MD, MBA
Program Director, Family Medicine Residency at Baptist Desoto
Baptist Memorial Medical Education
Memphis, Tennessee

Allison Holley, MD
Assistant Professor of Family Medicine
Florida Atlantic University College of Medicine
Boca Raton, Florida

Stanton C. Honig, MD^†Clinical Professor of Urology
Department of Urology
Yale University School of Medicine
New Haven, Connecticut

Steven A. House, MD, FAAFP, FAAHPM, HMDC
Professor, Program Director
Department of Family and Geriatric Medicine
University of Louisville/Glasgow
Glasgow, Kentucky

Jordan Howard-Young, MD
Assistant Professor of Family Medicine and Community Health
Assistant Professor of Psychiatry
UMass Chan Medical School
Worcester, Massachusetts

Vincent Huang, MD
Resident Physician
Department of Internal Medicine Pennsylvania Hospital
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania

Dennis E. Hughes, DO, FACEP
Attending Physician CoxHealth
Springfield, Missouri

Pamela R. Hughes, MD^†Military Program Director
Department of Family Medicine
St. Louis University Southwest Illinois Family Medicine Residency
O’Fallon, Illinois

Lauren A. Hutka, DO
Resident Physician
Obstetrics and Gynecology, Aultman Hospital
Canton, Ohio

Daniel Idahosa, MD, BS
Resident Physician
Department of Emergency Medicine
Robert Wood Johnson University Hospital
New Brunswick, New Jersey

Adora Ilochonwu, MD
Resident Physician
Department of Family Medicine
Advocate Christ Medical Center
Oak Lawn, Illinois

Adedapo Iluyomade, MD, MBA
Clinical Faculty
Division of Cardiology
University of Miami Hospital and Clinics
Miami, Florida

Oleg Isakov, MD
Clinical Assistant Professor
SUNY Downstate School of Medicine
Brooklyn, New York

Bashyam Iyengar, MD, MPH
Faculty, Family Medicine
Ascension St. Vincent
Jacksonville, Florida

Vasudha Jain, MD
Core Faculty
Department of Family Medicine
Tidelands Health
Myrtle Beach, South Carolina

Nikhil Jaiswal, MD
Texas A&M University
College Station, Texas

Pooja Mira Jayaprakash, MD
Adjunct Assistant Clinical Professor
Department of Community Health and Family Medicine
University of Florida
Gainesville, Florida

Zaiba Jetpuri, DO, MBA, FAAFP
Associate Professor
Department of Family and Community Medicine
UT Southwestern Medical Center
Dallas, Texas

Dongsheng Jiang, MD, MSc
Associate Professor
Penn State University
State College, Pennsylvania

James F. Jiang, MD
Department of Urology
UC Irvine Urology
Orange, California

Joanna Jiang, MD
Medical Resident
Ohio State University
Columbus, Ohio

Nasheena Jiwa, MD
Physician/Fellow
Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care
University of Connecticut Health Center
Farmington, Connecticut

Brett Johnson, MD
Program Director, Family Medicine
Methodist Health System
Dallas, Texas

Erin Johnson, MD
UMass Chan Medical School
Worcester, Massachusetts

Katherine G. W. Johnson, MD
Assistant Professor
Department of Family Medicine
Self Regional Healthcare
Greenwood, South Carolina

Lars J. Johnson, MD
Clinical Instructor
Department of Internal Medicine
University of Michigan
Ann Arbor, Michigan

Tyler Johnson, DO
Surgical Resident
Department of General Surgery
Spartanburg Regional Medical Center
Spartanburg, South Carolina

Julie Johnston, MD, FAAFP
Faculty Physician
Lawrence Family Medicine Residency
Lawrence, Massachusetts

Melody A. Jordahl-Iafrato, MD, FAAFP
Assistant Program Director
Community Hospital East Family Medicine Residency
Department of Family Medicine Community Hospital
East Indianapolis, Indiana

Jillian K. Joseph, MPAS, PA-C
Instructor
Department of Family Medicine and Community Health
UMass Memorial Health
Worcester, Massachusetts

Nisarg Joshi, MD, BS
Junior Attending, Vitreoretinal Surgery Fellow
Department of Ophthalmology
University of South Florida
Tampa, Florida

Patrick Wakefield Joyner, MD, MS^†Assistant Professor
Department of Orthopedic Surgery
ORTHOCOLLIER
Naples, Florida

Tya-Mae Y. Julien, MD
Gastroenterologist, Independent Contractor
North Texas Bioethics Network
UT Southwestern Medical Center
Dallas, Texas

Khadija Kabani, DO, FAAFP
Associate Program Director
Department of Family Medicine
Methodist Health System
Dallas, Texas

Hamid Kadiwala, MD
Neurologist/Epileptologist
Fort Worth Epilepsy Clinic
Fort Worth, Texas

Afsha Rais Kaisani, MD
Core Faculty
Medical City Arlington Family Medicine Residency Program -
HCA Medical City Healthcare UNT-TCU Graduate Medical Education Consortium
Arlington, Texas

Mwangi Kamau, MD
University of Massachusetts Medical School
Worcester, Massachusetts

Donna Kaminski, DO, MPH, FAAFP
Assistant Director
Somerset Family Medicine Residency Program
Rutgers Health Robert Wood Johnson University Hospital
Somerville, New Jersey

Lovella Kanu, MD, FAAFP, Dipl. ABOM
Assistant Program Director
Advocate Family Medicine Residency Program
Oak Lawn, Illinois

Rahul Kapur, MD
Assistant Professor
Department of Family Medicine and Community Health
University of Minnesota
Minneapolis, Minnesota

Nioti R. Karim, MD
Core Faculty
Department of Family Medicine
University of Houston
Houston, Texas

Chelsea Karson, MD
Resident Physician
Department of Psychiatry
Advocate Lutheran General Hospital
Park Ridge, Illinois

Clara M. Keegan, MD
Associate Professor
Department of Family Medicine
The Robert Larner, M.D. College of Medicine at The University of Vermont
Burlington, Vermont

Priscilla L. Kha, DO, MPH^†Resident Physician
Family and Community Medicine
University of Texas at Southwestern Medical Center
Dallas, Texas

Mohamad Khalil, MD
Department of Family and Community Medicine
Creighton University
Omaha, Nebraska

Anila Khaliq, MD
Faculty
Department of Family Medicine
Touro College of Osteopathic Medicine
Middletown, New York

Hiba A. Khan, DO
Oak Lawn, Illinois

Catherine Khoo, MD, FAAFP
Adjunct Clinical Assistant Professor of Family Medicine (Voluntary) at the Keck School of Medicine
Family Medicine Residency Program
California Hospital Medical Center
Los Angeles, California

Alexander J. Kiener, MD
Post-Doctoral Clinical Fellow
Department of Cardiology
Baylor College of Medicine/Texas Children’s Hospital
Houston, Texas

Barbara M. Kiersz Mueller, DO
Family and Osteopathic Medicine Physician
Austin Regional Clinic—Far West
Austin, Texas

Caleb Weiss Kiesow, MD, BS
Resident
Department of Family Medicine
SLU/SWIL USAF Family Medicine Residency
O’Fallon, Illinois

Catherine Kim, MD
Resident Physician
Department of Family Medicine
HCA Medical City Arlington
Arlington, Texas

Michael J. Kim, MD, FAAFP
Assistant Professor
Department of Family Medicine
Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences
Bethesda, Maryland

Walter M. Kim, MD, PhD
Lecturer
Department of Medicine
Harvard Medical School
Associate Physician
Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endoscopy
Brigham and Women’s Hospital
Chief
Department of Gastroenterology
Lemuel Shattuck Hospital
Boston, Massachusetts

Brian J. Kimbrell, MD, FACS
Assistant Professor of Surgery
University of Florida
Trauma Medical Director
Medical Director of Critical Care Medicine
Blake Medical Center
Bradenton, Florida

Thomas Kingsley, MD, MPH, MS
Assistant Professor of Medicine and Biomedical Informatics
Department of Medicine and Epidemiology
Mayo Clinic
Rochester, Minnesota

Marni Klessman Gleiber, MD
Assistant Professor of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation
Director of Ethics, Professionalism & Professional Identity Thread
Charles E. Schmidt College of Medicine
Florida Atlantic University
Boca Raton, Florida

Laura K. Klug, PharmD
Associate Professor
Department of Pharmacy Practice and Family and Community Medicine
Creighton University
Omaha, Nebraska

Arturas Klugas, MD, FAAFP
Assistant Professor
Department of Family Medicine
MSU/Alma Family Medicine Residency
Alma, Michigan

Egle Klugiene, MD
Faculty Physician
Department of Family Medicine
MidMichigan Medical Center
Gratiot, Michigan

Jennifer Koch, MD
Professor
Department of Medicine
University of Louisville
Louisville, Kentucky

Sharon L. Koehler, DO, FACS^†
Assistant Professor, Breast Surgery
Department of Clinical Specialties
New York Institute of Technology College of Osteopathic Medicine
Old Westbury, New York

Sumira A. Koirala, MD, FAAFP
Faculty, Associate Professor of Family and Community Medicine
St. Elizabeth Boardman Family Medicine Residency
Bon Secours Mercy Health
Boardman, Ohio

Ashley Koontz Sturts, DO
Assistant Professor
Department of Family and Community Medicine
Penn State Health Milton S. Hershey Medical Center
Hershey, Pennsylvania

Scott E. Kopec, MD, FCCP
Program Director, Internal Medicine Residency
Department of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine
UMass Chan Medical School
Worcester, Massachusetts

Matthew J. Kor, MD
Family Medicine Physician
Department of Family Medicine
Dignity Health
San Andreas, California

Lukas D. Kost, MD
Resident
Department of Family Medicine
United Health Services
Binghamton, New York

Nora Elizabeth Kratz, MD
Resident Physician
Department of Family Medicine and Community Medicine
University of New Mexico
Albuquerque, New Mexico

Pankaj Ksheersagar, MD
Department of Family Medicine and Community Health
University of Massachusetts
Worcester, Massachusetts

Mukti Kulkarni, MD, MPH
Assistant Professor
Family Medicine and Community Health
UMass Chan Medical School
Worcester, Massachusetts

Shalini Kumar, MD
Family Medicine Resident, PGY-2
Department of Family Medicine
Advocate Christ Medical Center
Oak Lawn, Illinois

Daniel B. Kurtz, PhD, BS^†Professor Emeritus
Department of Biology Utica College
Utica, New York

Melinda Kwan, DO, MPH
Urgent Care Physician
Department of Urgent Care
Southwest Medical Associates
Las Vegas, Nevada

Makayla Lagerman, MD
Resident Physician
Department of Family and Community Medicine
Penn State Health Milton S. Hershey Medical Center
Hershey, Pennsylvania

Jason Edward Lambrecht, MD, FHM, FACP, PharmD^†Assistant Professor
Critical Care Fellow
Department of Internal Medicine
Creighton University
Omaha, Nebraska

Anne Campbell Larkin, MD
Associate Professor
Department of Surgery
UMass Chan Medical School
Worcester, Massachusetts

Shane L. Larson, MD^†Assistant Professor of Family Medicine
Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences
Womack Army Medical Center
Fort Bragg, North Carolina

Justin P. Lavin Jr., MD, FACOG
Professor and Chairman Emeritus
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology
Cleveland Clinic Akron General
Akron, Ohio

Kelley V. Lawrence, MD, IBCLC
Assistant Campus Director
Department of UNC School of Medicine
Charlotte Campus Novant Health
Charlotte, North Carolina

Justin D. Leavitt, MD
Resident Physician
Department of General Surgery
Novant New Hanover Regional Medical Center
Wilmington, North Carolina

Bianca Lee, DO, MS
Department of Internal Medicine
Nassau University Medical Center
East Meadow, New York

Daniel T. Lee, MD, MA
Clinical Professor
Department of Family Medicine
University of California, Los Angeles
Los Angeles, California

David L. Lee, MD
Assistant Professor
Department of Family and Community Medicine
Penn State Health Milton S. Hershey Medical Center
Hershey, Pennsylvania

Hobart Lee, MD, FAAFP
Associate Professor
Department of Family Medicine
Loma Linda University School of Medicine
Loma Linda, California

Junseo Bernard Lee, MD
Resident
Department of Internal Medicine
George Washington University
Washington, District of Columbia

F. Stuart Leeds, MD, MS
Associate Professor
Department of Family Medicine
Wright State University
Boonshoft School of Medicine
Dayton, Ohio

Brett Lehner, MD
UMass Memorial Medical Center
Worcester, Massachusetts

Angelia Leipelt, BA, IBCLC, ICCE, CLE
Lactation Consultant
Dignity Health Methodist Hospital of Sacramento
Sacramento, California

Mollie R. Lerner, DO, MS
Resident
Department of Family Medicine
Novant Health
Cornelius, North Carolina

Nikki A. Levin, MD, PhD
Associate Professor
Department of Dermatology
University of Massachusetts Medical School
Worcester, Massachusetts

Gary I. Levine, MD
Associate Professor
Department of Family Medicine
Brody School of Medicine
East Carolina University
Greenville, North Carolina

Briana Lindberg, MD, CAQSM
Associate Program Director
Department of Family Medicine
Womack Army Medical Center Family Medicine Residency Program
Fort Bragg, North Carolina

Stephen W. Line, DO, CAQSM
Associate Program Director
Primary Care Sports Medicine Fellowship
Clinical Assistant Professor
Department of Primary Care and Rural Health
Texas A&M University
College Station, Texas

Evan R. Locke, MD
Resident Physician
Department of Family Medicine
David Grant Medical Center T
ravis Air Force Base, California

Daud Lodin, MD, MPH
Surgical Resident
Department of Surgery
Charles E. Schmidt College of Medicine
Florida Atlantic University
Boca Raton, Florida

Jacquelynn P. Luker, MD
Assistant Professor
Department of Family, Internal, and Rural Medicine
The University of Alabama
Tuscaloosa, Alabama

Nica E. Lurtsema, MD, MPH
Department of Family and Community Medicine
Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center School of Medicine
Lubbock, Texas

Ryan D. Lurtsema, MD
Assistant Professor
Sports Medicine, Family and Community Medicine
Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center
Lubbock, Texas

Eileen Ly, MD
Family Medicine Resident
Travis Family Medicine Residency Program
Fairfield, California

Ann M. Lynch, PharmD, RPh, AE-C
Professor
Department of Pharmacy Practice
Massachusetts College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences University
Worcester, Massachusetts

Jonathan Edward MacClements, MD, FAAFP
Professor
Department of Medical Education and Population Health
Dell Medical School, The University of Texas at Austin
Austin, Texas

Nathan J. Macedo, MD, MPH
Assistant Professor
Department of Family Medicine
UMass Chan Medical School-Baystate
Springfield, Massachusetts

Theodore E. Macnow, MD
Assistant Professor of Pediatrics
Department of Pediatric Emergency
UMass Memorial Children’s Medical Center
Worcester, Massachusetts

Michael J. Maddaleni, MD
Department of Family Medicine/Sports Medicine
University of Massachusetts Medical School
Worcester, Massachusetts

Manju Mahajan, MD, FAAFP
Faculty
Department of Family Medicine and Community Health
Hahnemann Family Health Center
UMass Chan Medical School
Worcester, Massachusetts

Shayan Mahapatra, MBBS, MD
Internal Medicine Resident
Cleveland Clinic Florida
Weston, Florida

Deepali Maheshwari, DO, MPH^†Fellow
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology
University of Massachusetts Medical School
Worcester, Massachusetts

Daniel John Majarwitz, MD
Resident Physician
Department of Internal Medicine/Psychiatry
East Carolina University
Greenville, North Carolina

Shivani Malhotra, MD, FAAFP
Associate Professor & Regional Chair
Department of Family Medicine
UAB Family Medicine Program
Huntsville, Alabama

Samir Malkani, MD, MRCP–UK
Professor
Department of Medicine
University of Massachusetts Medical School
Worcester, Massachusetts

Boyd S. Malphrus, BA, MPAS
Physician Assistant
Duke Employee Occupational Health and Wellness
Duke University Medical Center
Durham, North Carolina

Michael Mamone, MD
St. Georges University School of Medicine
True Blue, Grenada

Lee A. Mancini, MD, CSCS*D, CSN
Associate Professor
Department of Family Medicine and Community Health
Chief, Division of Sports and Exercise Medicine Director, Primary Care Sports and Exercise Medicine Fellowship
University of Massachusetts
Worcester, Massachusetts

Eric J. Mao, MD
Assistant Professor
Department of Medicine
Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology
University of California, Davis
Sacramento, California

Laura Marsh, MD, CAQSM
Program Director
Sports Medicine Fellowship
Clinical Assistant Professor
Department of Primary Care and Rural Medicine
Texas A&M University
College Station, Texas

Wendy K. Marsh, MD, MSc
Associate Professor
Department of Psychiatry
University of Massachusetts Medical School
Worcester, Massachusetts

Bethany P. Marshall, PharmD
Faculty
Prisma Sumter Family Medicine Residency
Prisma Health
Sumter, South Carolina

Nicholas R. Martin, MD
Resident
Department of Family Medicine and Community Health
University of Massachusetts Medical School
Worcester, Massachusetts

Stephen A. Martin, MD, EdM
Associate Professor
Department of Family Medicine and Community Health
University of Massachusetts Medical School
Worcester, Massachusetts

William Edwin Martin, MD, MBA, MPH
Medical Director
Mediprise
Houston, Texas

Lisa C. Martinez, MD
Associate Professor
Department of Medicine
Florida Atlantic University
Boca Raton, Florida

Marni L. Martinez, APRN
Clinical Nurse Specialist
Austin Gastroenterology
Austin, Texas

George W. Matar, MD
Resident Physician
Department of Family and Community Health
University Hospital Cleveland Medical Center
Cleveland, Ohio

Donnah Mathews, MD, FACP
Assistant Professor
Department of Internal Medicine
Alpert School of Medicine at Brown University
Providence, Rhode Island

Daniel R. Matta, MD
Family Medicine Residency Faculty
Department of Family Medicine
Tallahassee Memorial Hospital Family Medicine Residency Program
Tallahassee, Florida

Douglas M. Maurer, DO, MPH, FAAFP^†Director Medical Education
Department of Family Medicine
Madigan Army Medical Center
Tacoma, Washington

George Maxted, MD
Associate Clinical Professor
Department of Family Medicine
Tufts University School of Medicine
Boston, Massachusetts

Jeremy Maxwell, MBBS
PGY-2 Resident
Department of Family Medicine
Tallahassee Memorial Healthcare
Tallahassee, Florida

Beth K. Mazyck, MD
Associate Professor
Department of Family Medicine and Community Health
University of Massachusetts Medical School
Worcester, Massachusetts

Andrew McBride, MD
Family Medicine Liaison
Department of Family Medicine
University of Colorado
Aurora, Colorado
Department of Family Medicine and Sports Medicine
Boulder Community Health
Boulder, Colorado

Adam McConnell, MD
Faculty
SSM Family Medicine Residency
Oklahoma City, Oklahoma

Lindsay McCormack, MD
Department of Dermatology
University of Massachusetts Medical School
Worcester, Massachusetts

Oregon J. McDiarmid, MD
Resident Physician
GME – Family Medicine
Medical City Arlington
Arlington, Texas

Susan McDiarmid, EdD, MS, PA-C
Assistant Program Director
Physician Assistant Program
Westfield State University
Westfield, Massachusetts

Michelle Moran McDonough, MD
Co-Chief Resident
Department of Family Medicine Residency Program
Mayo Clinic—Mankato
Mankato, Minnesota

Paul McFarlane, MBBS
Resident Physician
Department of Family Medicine Residency Program
Tallahassee Memorial Healthcare
Tallahassee, Florida

Marc McKenna, MD, CAQSM
Program Director
Chestnut Hill Family Medicine Residency
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania

Donna Marie McMahon, DO, FAAP
Associate Professor, Associate Dean Student Affairs
Department of Clinical Specialties, Pediatrics
NYIT College of Osteopathic Medicine
Old Westbury, New York

Brock McMillen, MD, FFAFP
Assistant Professor of Clinical Family Medicine
Indiana University School of Medicine
Indianapolis, Indiana

Susan Medalie, DO
Core Faculty, FM/OB—Lehigh Valley Health Network
Schuylkill Rural Residency
Pottsville, Pennsylvania

Christopher Medrano, MD
Department of Family Medicine
Saint Joseph Hospital
Chicago, Illinois

Jennifer A. Meeks, DO
Assistant Director
Department of Family Medicine
AdventHealth
Orlando, Florida

Randi Cheree Melton, DO
Assistant Professor
Department of Family Medicine
Tuscaloosa Family Medicine Residency Program
Tuscaloosa, Alabama

Donna I. Meltzer, MD
Clinical Associate Professor
Department of Family, Population & Preventive Medicine
Stony Brook Medicine
Stony Brook, New York

Adam Mendonca, MD^†
Family Medicine
Resident Physician
Family and Community Medicine
Baylor College of Medicine
Houston, Texas

Chelsea Mendonca, MD^†Assistant Professor
Department of Family and Community Medicine
Baylor College of Medicine
Houston, Texas

Caleb J. Mentzer, DO
Assistant Professor
Department of Surgery
Division of Trauma, Critical Care, & Acute Care Surgery
Spartanburg Regional Medical Center
Spartanburg, South Carolina

Marcelle Meseeha, MD
Assistant Professor
Department of Internal Medicine Guthrie
Sayre, Pennsylvania

Eric Robert Messner, PhD, FNP-BC
Associate Medical Director
Department of Family and Community Medicine
Inpatient Service
Assistant Professor
Department of Family and Community Medicine
Penn State Health Milton S. Hershey Medical Center
Hershey, Pennsylvania

Katherine Metropulos, DO
Resident Physician
Department of Family Medicine
Advocate Christ Medical Center Family Medicine Program
Oak Lawn, Illinois

Sloan F. Miler, MD
Department of Medicine
Lemuel Shattuck Hospital
Jamaica Plain, Massachusetts

Jan Estes Miller, MD
Associate Program Director
SSM Health St Anthony Family Medicine Residency
Oklahoma City, Oklahoma

Paul G. Millner, MD
Assistant Professor
Department of Internal Medicine
Creighton University
Omaha, Nebraska

Tasaduq Hussain Mir, MD, FAAFP
Faculty
Department of Family Medicine
Medical City Arlington
Arlington, Texas

Shabia Mohammed, DO
Resident Physician
Department of Family Medicine
Advocate Christ Medical Center
Oak Lawn, Illinois

Hammad Mohsin, MD
Assistant Professor
Department of Psychiatry Mather at Northwell Health
Port Jefferson, New York

Saadia Mohsin, MD
Physician
Capital Health
Pennington, New Jersey

Katherine Montag Schafer, PharmD, BCACP
Assistant Professor
Department of Family Medicine and Community Health
University of Minnesota
Minneapolis, Minnesota

Nicholas Moore, MD, FAAFP, CAQSM
Medical Director
Motor City Orthopedics & Sports Medicine Associate Director
Providence Sports Medicine Fellowship Program
Assistant Professor
Michigan State University College of Human Medicine
Novi, Michigan

Elias Moreno, DO
Tallahassee Memorial Healthcare
Tallahassee, Florida

Jared Morphew, MD
Assistant Professor
Department of Family and Community Medicine
UT Southwestern Medical Center
Dallas, Texas

Daniel Scott Morrison, MD
Associate Professor
Department of Emergency Medicine
Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School
New Brunswick, New Jersey

Christopher Morrow, PA-C^†United States Army

Rachel Kristina Moyer, MD
Resident Physician
Department of Family Medicine
David Grant Medical Center
Fairfield, California

David Mullen, MD
Assistant Professor of Clinical Family Medicine
Department of Family Medicine
Indiana University School of Medicine
Indianapolis, Indiana

Sahil Mullick, MD
Associate Program Director, Director of Inpatient Service,
Assistant Clinical Professor, Hospitalist, Core Faculty
Department of Family and Community Medicine
Creighton University School of Medicine
Omaha, Nebraska

Carolyn Murphy, MD
Assistant Professor
Department of Palliative Care
University of Massachusetts
Worcester, Massachusetts

Rachel C. Murphy, DO
Spartanburg Regional Medical Center
Spartanburg, South Carolina

Mark T. Nadeau, MD, MBA^†
Professor and Program Director
Department of Family and Community Medicine
University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio
San Antonio, Texas

Sabari Nair, DO
Resident Physician
Department of Family Medicine
Lakeside Medical Center
Belle Glade, Florida

Munima Nasir, MD
Associate Professor
Department of Family and Community Medicine
Penn State Health Milton S. Hershey Medical Center
Hershey, Pennsylvania

Ned Francis Nasr, MD, FASA
Vice Chair for Education, Department of Anesthesiology
Program Director, Anesthesiology Residency Program
Advocate Illinois Masonic Medical Center
Chicago, Illinois

Kristen Nayak, MD
Clinical Assistant Professor
Department of Medicine
Division of Primary Care and Population Health
Stanford University School of Medicine
Stanford, California

Katharine L. Neff, DO
United States Air Force
Tucson, Arizona

Michelle Nelson, MD
Core Faculty
Department of Family Medicine
MidMichigan Medical Center—Gratiot
Alma, Michigan

Vicki R. Nelson, MD, PhD
Associate Professor
Department of Family Medicine
Prisma Health-Upstate
University of South Carolina School of Medicine Greenville
Greenville, South Carolina

David Neuberger, MD
Assistant Professor
Department of Family and Geriatric Medicine
University of Louisville
Louisville, Kentucky

Sandra N. New, DNP
Retired
Knoxville, Tennessee

Annemarie Newark, MD
Physician
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology
Cleveland Clinic Akron General
Akron, Ohio

Jacob Thomas Newman, DO
Resident Physician
Department of Internal Medicine
The George Washington University Hospital
Washington, District of Columbia

Roland W. Newman II, DO
Assistant Professor
Associate Program Director—Family and Community Medicine Residency Program
Department of Family and Community Medicine
Penn State Health Milton S. Hershey Medical Center
Hershey, Pennsylvania

Melinda W. Ng, MD
Resident Physician
Department of Family Medicine
David Grant Medical Center
Fairfield, California

Elizabeth T. Nguyen, MD
Department of Texas A&M Athletics
Department of Primary Care and Rural Medicine
Texas A&M University
College Station, Texas

Huong N. Nguyen, DO, MS
Resident Physician
Department of Family and Community Medicine
Penn State Health Milton S. Hershey Medical Center
Hershey, Pennsylvania

Nancy V. Nguyen, DO
Core Faculty, Methodist Hospital FMRP
Chair Family Medicine
Dignity Health Methodist Hospital of Sacramento
Sacramento, California

Tam T. Nguyen, MD
Washington Township Medical Group
Union City, California

Tu Dan Nguyen, MD, CAQSM
Director of Sports Medicine
Department of Family Medicine
Memorial Family Medicine Residency Program
Sugar Land, Texas

Sarah E. Nickolich, MD
Assistant Professor
Department of Family and Community Medicine
Penn State Health
Hershey, Pennsylvania

Frederick W. Nielson, MD^†
MAJ, USAF, MC
Department of Family Medicine
US Air Force
Eielson Air Force Base, Alaska

Matthew Nodelman, MD
Assistant Medical Director
Associate Program Director
Department of Family Medicine
Prisma Health/University of South Carolina School of Medicine—Columbia
Columbia, South Carolina

Benjamin Nolasco, MD, MHS
Resident Physician
Valley Stream Health System
Las Vegas, Nevada

Victoria Allon Nutting, DO, MS
Resident Physician
Department of Family Medicine Residency
Texas A&M University
College Station, Texas

Davis M. O’Brien, MD
Resident Physician
Department of Surgery
Medical College of Georgia
Augusta, Georgia

Smriti Ohri, MD
Assistant Professor
Department of Family Medicine
University of Connecticut
Hartford, Connecticut

Alicia Leandra Olowu, DO
Core Faculty
Department of Family Medicine
Garnet Health Medical Center
Middletown, New York

Opeoluwa Olukorede, MD
Resident
Department of Family Medicine and Community Health
UMass Chan Medical School
Worcester, Massachusetts

Adedamola Ayo Omole, MD
Adventist Health Hanford
Hanford, California

Daniela Rangel Orozco, MD, MHP, MS
Associate Program Director
Department of Family Medicine
Kaweah Health
Visalia, California

Seniha Ozudogru, MD
Assistant Professor
Department of Neurology
University of Pennsylvania
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania

Kelly Pagidas, MD
Professor, Texas Christian University
Fort Worth, Texas

Chris Para, MD
Resident
Department of Internal Medicine
Advocate Christ Medical Center
Oak Lawn, Illinois

Jon S. Parham, DO, MPH, FAAFP
Associate Professor
Department of Family Medicine
University of Tennessee Graduate School of Medicine
Knoxville, Tennessee

Nisha J. Parikh, MD, MPH
Emergency Medicine Resident
Department of Emergency Medicine
Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School
New Brunswick, New Jersey

Doyun Park, MD
Attending Physician
Department of Hematology
Baystate
Springfield, Massachusetts

Morgan J. Parker, DO
PGY-1 Resident
Department of Family Medicine
Novant Health
Cornelius, North Carolina

Naomi Parrella, MD, FAAFP, Dipl. ABOM
Associate Professor and Medical Director
Department of Family Medicine
Department of Surgery
Rush University Medical Center
Chicago, Illinois

Elyas Parsa, DO
Program Director
Department of Family Medicine
San Joaquin General Hospital
French Camp, California

Michael T. Partin, MD
Assistant Professor
Department of Family and Community Medicine
Penn State Health Milton S. Hershey Medical Center
Hershey, Pennsylvania

Bindusri Paruchuri, MD
Assistant Professor
Department of Family Medicine
University of Tennessee Health Science Center
Nashville Family Medicine Residency Program
Murfreesboro, Tennessee

Ankit Patel, MD
Resident Physician
Department of Internal Medicine
George Washington University
Washington, District of Columbia

Avignat S. Patel, MD
Senior Physician
Department of Pulmonary Critical Care Medicine
Lahey Hospital and Medical Center
Burlington, Massachusetts
Assistant Professor
Department of Medicine
Tufts University School of Medicine
Boston, Massachusetts

Birju B. Patel, MD, FACP^†Adjunct Assistant Professor of Medicine
Emory University School of Medicine
Atlanta, Georgia

Damini Patel, DO
Attending
Department of Family Medicine
Advocate Christ Medical Center
Oak Lawn, Illinois

Jay Patel, DO
Resident
Department of Family Medicine
Dell Medical School, The University of Texas at Austin
Austin, Texas

Nihal K. Patel, MD
Assistant Clinical Professor
Department of Medicine
University of Connecticut School of Medicine
Harford, Connecticut

Mahesh C. Patel, MD
Professor
Department of Internal Medicine-Infectious Diseases
University of Illinois at Chicago
Chicago, Illinois

Jyothi R. Patri, MD, MHA, FAAFP, HMDC
Program Director
Adventist Health Hanford Family Medicine Residency Program
Adventist Health Hanford Central Valley Network
Hanford, California

Jared M. Patton, MD, MS^†
Senior Medical Officer
Camp Kinser Branch Medical Clinic United States Navy
Okinawa, Japan

Amrutha Pavle, MD
Assistant Professor
Department of Family and Community Medicine
UT Southwestern Medical Center
Dallas, Texas

Amena Payami, DO
Family Medicine Resident Physician
AdventHealth East Orlando
Orlando, Florida

William Pearce, MD
Harvard Medical School
Boston, Massachusetts

Rade N. Pejic, MD
Associate Professor
Department of Family Medicine
Tulane University School of Medicine
New Orleans, Louisiana

Tristan M. Pennella, DO
Family Medicine Resident
Mayo Clinic Health System Mankato
Mankato, Minnesota

Daniel Perez, MD
Faculty
Department of Family Medicine
Lakeside Medical Center
Belle Glade, Florida

Juan Perez, DO
Assistant Professor
Department of Family Medicine
Penn State University
State College, Pennsylvania

Mayra A. Perez, DO
Clinical Assistant Professor
Department of Family and Community Medicine
UT Health San Antonio
San Antonio, Texas

Christine S. Persaud, MD, MBA
Assistant Professor, Program Director–Sports Medicine Fellowship
Department of Orthopedic Surgery & Rehabilitation Medicine
SUNY Downstate Health Sciences University
Brooklyn, New York

Parvathi Perumareddi, DO
Associate Professor
Charles E. Schmidt College of Medicine
Florida Atlantic University
Boca Raton, Florida

Casey Petronella, DO
Resident Physician, Family Medicine
Garnet Health Medical Center
Middletown, New York

Kelsey E. Phelps, MD^†
Assistant Professor of Family Medicine
Louisiana State University Rural Family Medicine Residency
Bogalusa Louisiana State University
Bogalusa, Louisiana

Shawn Phillips, MD
Associate Professor
Department of Family and Community Medicine and Orthopedics and Rehabilitation
Penn State College of Medicine
Hershey, Pennsylvania

Grant Pierre, MD, CAQSM
Faculty UMass Sports Medicine Fellowship
Department of Family Medicine
University of Massachusetts
Worcester, Massachusetts

Sreelakshmi Surendran Pillai, MD
Resident
Department of Family medicine
Creighton University Medical Center
Omaha, Nebraska

Jared Piotrowski, MD
Lead Hospitalist
Associate Program Director Internal Medicine Residency
Department of Hospital Medicine
Cleveland Clinic Florida
Weston, Florida

Karly Pippitt, MD
Assistant Dean, Community Faculty
Department of Family and Preventive Medicine
University of Utah School of Medicine
Salt Lake City, Utah

William Andrew Pleasant, MD
Assistant Professor
Department of Emergency Medicine
Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School
New Brunswick, New Jersey

Meghan Plunkett, MD
96 MDG
Eglin Air Force Base, Florida

Ryan S. Poland, MD
Resident Physician
Department of Family and Community Medicine
Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center
Columbus, Ohio

Yevgeniy Popov, DO, MPH
Fellow
Department of Rheumatology
University of Massachusetts Medical School
Worcester, Massachusetts

Matthew E. Posen, DO
Resident Physician
Department of Internal Medicine
Advocate Christ Medical Center
Oak Lawn, Illinois

Donna R. Potts, MD
Faculty
Department of Family Medicine
Ascension St. Vincent’s
Jacksonville, Florida

Stacy E. Potts, MD, Med
Professor
Executive Vice Chair of Education
Department of Family Medicine and Community Health
UMass Chan Medical School
Worcester, Massachusetts

James E. Powers, DO, FACEP, FAAEM
Professor of Emergency Medicine
Campbell University School of Osteopathic Medicine
Lillington, North Carolina

Sourabh Prabhakar, MD
Department of Cardiology
ProMedica Toledo Hospital
Toledo, Ohio

Meenu Prasad, DO
Resident Physician
Family Medicine
Garnet Health Medical Center
Middletown, New York

Priya Prasher, MBBS
Pediatric Emergency Medicine Fellow
Department of Emergency Medicine
Phoenix Children’s Hospital
Phoenix, Arizona

Bethany Price, DO
Residency Faculty
Department of Family Medicine
Saint Mary’s Family Medicine Residency
Grand Junction, Colorado

Bliss Puthenpurayil, MD
Department of Family Medicine
University of Texas Southwestern
Dallas, Texas

Natasha J. Pyzocha, DO, FAWM, FAAFP
Medical Director
98point6
Seattle, Washington

Jana Wei Qiao, MD
Resident Physician
Department of Family Medicine
Penn State Health Milton S. Hershey Medical Center
Hershey, Pennsylvania

Juan Qiu, MD, PhD
Professor
Department of Family and Community Medicine
Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine
State College, Pennsylvania

Christine A. Quartuccio-Carran, DO, FAAFP
Associate Program Director
Valley Health System Family Medicine Residency Program
Las Vegas, Nevada

Alexandria Quinere, DO, MBS^†
Resident Physician, Family Medicine
Garnet Health Medical Center
Middletown, New York

Jeffrey D. Quinlan, MD, FAAFP^†Professor, Chair, and DEO
Department of Family Medicine
Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa
Iowa City, Iowa

Sana W. Qureshi, DO
Department of Family Medicine
Medical City Arlington
Arlington, Texas

Alexander Sasha Rackman, MD
Assistant Professor
Department of Medicine
Florida Atlantic University
Boca Raton, Florida

Naureen Bashir Rafiq, MD, FAAFP
Associate Professor and Core faculty
Department of Family Medicine
Creighton University School of Medicine
Omaha, Nebraska

Kalyanakrishnan Ramakrishnan, MD
Professor
Department of Family and Preventive Medicine
University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center
Oklahoma City, Oklahoma

Jason R. Ramos, MD, FAAFP
Family Medicine Program Director
Family Physician
Department of Family Medicine
Honor Community Health
Pontiac, Michigan

Melinda M. Rathkopf, MD, MBA
Allergist/Immunologist, Associate Professor of Pediatrics
Division of Allergy/Immunology, Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta
Emory University School of Medicine
Atlanta, Georgia

Raye Reeder, MD, MPH
Assistant Professor
Department of Family and Community Medicine
OU School of Community Medicine
Tulsa, Oklahoma

Robyn Lee Reese, DO
Resident Physician
Department of Family Medicine
Mayo Clinic
Jacksonville, Florida

Jameson Reich, DO
David Grant Medical Center
Fairfield, California

Brittany M. Reid, MBBS
Resident Physician
Department of Family Medicine and Community Health
UMass Chan Medical School
Worcester, Massachusetts

Kimberly Resnick, MD
Director of Gynecologic Oncology
MetroHealth Medical Center
Cleveland, Ohio

Morgan Adams Rhodes, PharmD
Associate Professor
Department of Family and Preventive Medicine
University of South Carolina/Prisma Health
Columbia, South Carolina

Andrew J. Richardson, MD
Department of Family Medicine
Baylor Scott & White Health
College Station, Texas

Michael Richardson, MD
Clinical Assistant Professor
Family Medicine
Tufts University School of Medicine
Boston, Massachusetts

Jacob Ringenberg, MD, CAQSM, MUSC, AHEC
Assistant Professor
Self Regional Hospital
Greenwood, South Carolina

Bryce Ringwald, MD
Family Medicine Resident
OhioHealth Riverside Methodist Hospital
Columbus, Ohio

Michele Roberts, MD, PhD
Paxton, Massachusetts

Cecile T. Robes, DO
Associate Professor
Department of Family Medicine
Novant Health Family Medicine Residency
Cornelius, North Carolina

Sean C. Robinson, MD, CAQSM
Assistant Professor
Department of Family Medicine and Sports Medicine
Oregon Health & Science University Portland, Oregon

Sylvia M. Robinson, MD
Physician
Department of Pediatrics
Rush University Medical Center
Chicago, Illinois

Chelsea E. Robitaille, MS, PA-C
Professor
Physician Assistant Program
Westfield State University
Westfield, Massachusetts

Leigh A. Romero, MD, CAQSM
Assistant Professor
Department of Population Health—Family Medicine
Dell Medical School, The University of Texas at Austin
Austin, Texas

Jennifer M. Romeu, MD, MSM
Associate Program Director
Family Medicine Residency Program
Central Michigan University College of Medicine
Saginaw, Michigan

Scott Rosen, MD
Assistant Professor
Department of Internal Medicine
Baptist Memorial Medical Education
Southaven, Mississippi

Laura Ross, MD
Hospitalist
Novant Health Huntersville Medical Center
Huntersville, North Carolina

Stacy P. Rubin, MD
Assistant Professor
Department of Internal Medicine
Charles E. Schmidt College of Medicine
Florida Atlantic University
Boca Raton, Florida

Emerald Russell-Nathan, MD
PGY-2 Pediatric Resident
AdventHealth for Children
Orlando, Florida

Anup Sabharwal, MD, MBA, FACE, FASPC, FNLA
Professor
Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism
Florida International University
Miami Beach, Florida

Omar B. Saeed, DO, MPH
Resident Physician
Department of Ophthalmology
Kettering Health Dayton
Dayton, Ohio

Artika Saharan, MD
New Brunswick, New Jersey

Kristen EB Said, MD, MPH
Assistant Professor
Department of Family Medicine and Community Health
Duke University Durham, North Carolina

Amulya Sajja, MD
Resident Physician
Department of Family Medicine
HCA Medical City Arlington
Arlington, Texas

Lewjain Sakr, MD
Department of Internal Medicine
Cleveland Clinic Florida
Weston, Florida

Akanksha Samal, DO
Department of Family Medicine
AdventHealth East Orlando
Orlando, Florida

Kyle M. Samyn, DO, MS
Resident Physician
Department of Family Medicine
Oakland Primary Care
Warren, Michigan

Vicente T. San Martin, MD
Medical Director
Department of Endocrinology
Macromedica Dominicana
Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic

Sagar Saoji, MD
Resident
Department of Family Medicine
Lakeside Medical Center
Belle Glade, Florida

Arindam Sarkar, MD
Assistant Professor
Department of Family and Community Medicine
Baylor College of Medicine
Houston, Texas

Katelyn D. Sarkar, PA-C
Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation
UTHealth Houston
Houston, Texas

Luay Sarsam, MD
Department of Cardiovascular Disease
Arnot Ogden Medical Center
Elmira, New York

Durr-e-Shahwaar Sayed, DO
Attending Physician
Department of Family Medicine
Inspira Medical Group
Woodbury, New Jersey

Payam Sazegar, MD^†Kaiser Permanente San Diego
Family Medicine Residency
San Diego, California

Natasha E. Scaria, MD
Resident
Department of Family Medicine
Advocate Christ Medical Center
Oak Lawn, Illinois

Christina Scartozzi, DO
Assistant Professor
Department of Family and Community Medicine
Penn State Health
St. Joseph Medical Center
Reading, Pennsylvania

Reid Evan Schalet, DO, BA
Resident Physician
Department of Gastroenterology
George Washington University Hospital
Washington, District of Columbia

Samuel A. Schueler, MD
The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences
Washington, District of Columbia

Jennifer Schwartz, MD^†Newton Wellesley Hospital
Newton, Massachusetts

Ingrid U. Scott, MD, MPH^†Jack and Nancy Turner Professor of Ophthalmology
Professor of Public Health Sciences
Penn State College of Medicine
Hershey, Pennsylvania

Kasey M. Scott, MD
Chief Resident
Department of Internal Medicine
University of Louisville Hospital
Louisville, Kentucky

Stephanie Mayle Scott, DO
Department of Internal Medicine
Prisma Health Midlands
Columbia, South Carolina

Timothy A. Scully, DO
Chief Resident
Department of Internal Medicine
Augusta University Medical Center
Augusta, Georgia

Daniel Scura, DO
Sports Medicine Fellow
Department of Orthopedics
Downstate Medical Center
Brooklyn, New York

David P. Sealy, MD, CAQSM, FAAFP, FAMSSM
Professor
Department of Family Medicine/Sports Medicine
Medical University of South Carolina
Area Health Education Consortium Greenwood
Self Regional Healthcare, Primary Care Sports Medicine Fellowship
Greenwood, South Carolina

LaRae L. Seemann, MD
Department of Family Medicine
Mayo Clinic
Jacksonville, Florida

Jarrett Keller Sell, MD, FAAFP, AAHIVS
Associate Professor
Department of Family and Community Medicine
Penn State Health Milton S. Hershey Medical Center
Hershey, Pennsylvania

Nicolas Semenchuk, MD, MS
PGY-2
Department of Emergency Medicine
Advocate Christ Medical Center
Oak Lawn, Illinois

Anthony Shadiack, DO, CAQSM
Associate Program Director, Family Medicine
HCA Healthcare/Mercer University School of Medicine
Grand Strand Medical Center
Myrtle Beach, South Carolina

Chirag N. Shah, MD
Associate Professor
Department of Emergency Medicine
Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School
New Brunswick, New Jersey

Nehal R. Shah, MD^†Associate Professor of Medicine
VCU Health System
Richmond, Virginia

Samir A. Shah, MD, FACG, FASGE, AGAF
Clinical Professor of Medicine
Department of Medicine/Gastroenterology
Alpert Medical School of Brown University
Chief of Gastroenterology
Department of Gastroenterology
The Miriam Hospital
Providence, Rhode Island

Ammar Shahid, MD^†Department of Sports Medicine
Tower Health and Drexel University
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania

Rahim Shareef, DO
Resident Physician, Family Medicine
Advocate Christ Family Medicine Residency
Oak Lawn, Illinois

Raksha Sharma, MD
Department of Internal Medicine
Florida Atlantic University
Boca Raton, Florida

Denise Sharon, MD, PhD, FAASM^†
Independent Contractor
PVHMC Adult and Children Sleep Disorders Center
Pomona Valley Hospital and Medical Center
Claremont, California

Tyler D. Sharpe, MD
Associate Professor
Department of Internal Medicine
University of Louisville
Louisville, Kentucky

Zahra Sardar Sheikh, MD, MPH, CMD
Assistant Professor of Medicine
Department of Geriatric Medicine
University of Massachusetts
Worcester, Massachusetts

Leslie Shelton, DO
Department of Family Medicine
Honor Health
Scottsdale, Arizona

Victoria Shepard, MD
Assistant Professor
Dell Medical School Family Medicine Residency
Austin, Texas

Chelsea M. Shine, DO
Resident
Department of Family Medicine
Methodist Charlton Family Medicine Center
Dallas, Texas

Irfan H. Siddiqui, MD
Attending Physician, Faculty
Department of Internal Medicine
Advocate Christ Medical Center
Oak Lawn, Illinois

Karlynn Sievers, MD
Associate Program Director
Department of Family Medicine
St. Mary’s Family Medicine Residency Program
Grand Junction, Colorado

Matthew A. Silva, PharmD, RPh, BCPS
Professor
Department of Pharmacy Practice
Massachusetts College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences
Worcester, Massachusetts

Lauren Simms, MD
Urogynecology Fellow
Department of Urogynecology
University of Massachusetts Medical School
Worcester, Massachusetts

Madhavi Singh, MD^†
Assistant Professor
Department of Family and Community Medicine
Penn State College of Medicine
Hershey, Pennsylvania

Navpreet K. Singh, MD
Department of Family Medicine and Sleep Medicine
Temple University
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania

Nelly Singh, DO
Family Medicine Resident Physician
Garnet Health Medical Center
Middletown, New York

Sareena Singh, MD, FACOG
Assistant Professor
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Gynecologic Oncology
Northeast Ohio Medical University
Rootstown, Ohio

Antoine Sioufi, MD
Resident
Department of Family Medicine
Creighton University
Omaha, Nebraska

Brian G. Skotko, MD, MPP
Emma Campbell Endowed Chair on Down Syndrome
Department of Pediatrics
Massachusetts General Hospital
Associate Professor
Department of Pediatrics
Harvard Medical School
Boston, Massachusetts

Jeremy W. Smith, MD
Resident Physician
Department of Family Medicine
Medical City Arlington
Arlington, Texas

Joan Elizabeth Smith, DNP
Nurse Practitioner
Division of Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases
Medical Faculty Associates
George Washington University
Washington, District of Columbia

Melissa L. Smith, MD, MS, FAAFP
Lee’s Summit Family Medicine
Lee’s Summit, Missouri

Nicholas Smith, MD
Family Medicine Resident
Department of Family Medicine
Tallahassee Memorial Hospital Family MedicinevResidency Program
Tallahassee, Florida

Christian Soeharsono, MD
Medical Resident
Department of Pediatrics
AdventHealth
Orlando, Florida

Mina Soliman, MD
Department of Family Medicine
Creighton University
Omaha, Nebraska

D’Ann Wilson Somerall, FAANP, FNP-BC, DNP, CRNP, MAEd
Nurse Practitioner
Adjunct Assistant Professor
University of Alabama at Birmingham School of Nursing
Birmingham, Alabama

William E. Somerall Jr., MD, MAEd
Associate Professor
Department of School of Nursing
University of Alabama at Birmingham
Birmingham, Alabama

Nicole D. Somes, MD
Resident Physician
Department of Family Medicine
UMass Chan School of Medicine
Worcester, Massachusetts

Kento Sonoda, MD
Assistant Professor
Department of Family and Community Medicine
Saint Louis University
St. Louis, Missouri

Chantal Soobhanath, MD
Resident Physician
Department of Pediatrics
AdventHealth for Children
Orlando, Florida

Mikayla L. Spangler, PharmD
Associate Professor
Department of Pharmacy Practice and Family Medicine
Creighton University
Omaha, Nebraska

Dana Sprute, MD, MPH, FAAFP
Associate Professor, Division of Family Medicine
Department of Population Health
Dell Medical School, The University of Texas at Austin
Austin, Texas

Brianna Stadsvold, MD
Resident
Department of Surgery
Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University
Augusta, Georgia

Ross C. Stanton, MD, JD, MPH
Resident Physician
Department of Family and Community Medicine
Saint Louis University (Southwest Illinois) Family Medicine Residency Program
O’Fallon, Illinois

Diana V. Steau, MD
Department of Family Medicine
Creighton University
Omaha, Nebraska

Daniel J. Stein, MD, MPH
Instructor/Associate Physician
Harvard Medical School
Department of Internal Medicine (Gastroenterology)
Brigham and Women’s Hospital
Boston, Massachusetts

Keith L. Stelter, MD
Assistant Professor
Department of Family Medicine
Mayo Clinic
Rochester, Minnesota

Frederick C. Stone Jr., MD, MPH^†Clinical Assistant
Professor of Family Medicine
University of South Carolina—Columbia
Columbia, South Carolina

Sibley Strader, MD
Department of Family Medicine and Community Health
University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center
Cleveland, Ohio

Adam Strosberg, DNP, ARNP-BC
Visiting Professor
Chamberlain University
Fort Lauderdale, Florida

Mary E. Stuckey, MD
Resident Physician, PGY-2
Department of Emergency Medicine
Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School
New Brunswick, New Jersey

Moez K. Sumar, MD, BSc
Anesthesiology Resident
Department of Anesthesiology
Advocate Illinois Masonic Medical Center
Chicago, Illinois

Jennifer E. Svarverud, DO^†Family Medicine Resident
Nellis Family Medicine Residency
Nellis Air Force Base, Nevada|

Sasha Svendsen, MD
Child Abuse Pediatrician
UMass Memorial Children’s Assistant Professor of Pediatrics
UMass Chan Medical School
Worcester, Massachusetts

Neha Syed, DO, BS
Resident Physician
Department of Internal Medicine
Advocate Christ Medical Center Internal Medicine Residency Program
Oak Lawn, Illinois

Nergess T. Taheri, DO, MSBI
Assistant Program Director
Department of Family Medicine/GME
Lakeside Medical Center
Belle Glade, Florida

Shelby Takeshita, MD
Department of Family Medicine Residency
David Grant Medical Center
Travis Air Force Base, California

Yuki Takeuchi, MD
Resident, Family Medicine
University of Rochester Medical Center
Rochester, New York

Irene J. Tan, MD, FACR^†Clinical Professor of Medicine
Department of Medicine
Sidney Kimmel Medical College
Thomas Jefferson University
Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology
Einstein Medical Center Philadelphia
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania

Asma Tariq, MD
Core Faculty
Department of Family Medicine
Kaweah Health
Visalia, California

Madeline Taskier, MD
Research Instructor—Health Policy Fellow
Department of Family Medicine
George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences
Washington, District of Columbia

Yutthapong Temtanakitpaisan, MD, FACC, FSCAI
Interventional Cardiologist
Department of Cardiology
Bangkok Hospital Khon Kaen
Muang, Khon Kaen, Thailand

Clare W. Teng, MD
Researcher
Department of Ophthalmology
University of Pennsylvania
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania

Jason Teng, MD^†
Attending Physician
Emergency Department
Virginia Hospital Center
Arlington, Virginia

Janki Thakkar, MD
Resident Physician
Department of Psychiatry
Advocate Lutheran General Hospital
Park Ridge, Illinois

Rebecca Thal, NP-C, AAHIVS
Nurse Practitioner
Family Health Center of Worcester
Worcester, Massachusetts

Kelly S. Thao, MD
Resident
Department of Family Medicine
St. John’s Family Medicine
St. Paul, Minnesota

Erin Thomas, MD, BS
Medical Resident
Department of Internal Medicine
University of Massachusetts Medical School
Worcester, Massachusetts

Sarah Marie Tiggelaar, MD, CLC, FAAFP|
Assistant Professor of Family Medicine
Maternal Child Health Fellowship Director
Department of Family Medicine
University of Rochester
Rochester, New York

Kliment Todosov, MD
PGY-2 Resident
Department of Family Medicine
Garnet Health Medical Center
Middletown, New York

Anna Marie Tran, DO
Resident Physician, Family Medicine
Ascension St. Vincent’s Hospital
Jacksonville, Florida

Thomas Triantafillou, MD
Assistant Professor
Department of Medicine
Advocate Christ Medical Center
Oak Lawn, Illinois

Alec L. Tributino, DO
Resident
Department of Family Medicine
University of Massachusetts
Worcester, Massachusetts

Zoltan Trizna, MD, PhD
Director
Dermatology and Dermatological Surgery
Austin, Texas

Meiline Troeung, DO^†
Resident
Family and Community Medicine
University of Texas Southwestern
Dallas, Texas

Elizabeth J. Trout, MD, MLS
Assistant Program Director
Novant Health Family Medicine Residency Program
Cornelius, North Carolina

Edison Tsui, MD
Department of Hematology and Oncology
Baystate Medical Center
Springfield, Massachusetts

Jonathan Tsui, MD
Resident Physician
Department of Ophthalmology
Geisinger Eye Institute
Danville, Pennsylvania

Terrence Tsui, DO
Primary Care Sports Medicine Fellow
Department of Orthopedics
Bayhealth Medical Center
Dover, Delaware

Priscilla Tu, DO, FAAFP, FAOASM, FACOFP, FAAMA
Associate Program Director, Virginia Tech Carilion Family Medicine Residency
Associate Professor, Virginia Tech Carilion
Roanoke, Virginia

Nouf O. Turki, MD
Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology
George Washington University Hospital
Washington, District of Columbia

Alethea Y. Turner, DO, FAAFP
Associate Director
Department of Family Medicine Residency Program
HonorHealth
Scottsdale, Arizona

Rod J. Turner Jr., MD, CAQSM, MS
Assistant Professor
Department of Family Medicine
UTHealth Houston
Houston, Texas

Sahel Uddin, DO
Resident
Department of Family and Community Medicine
Penn State Health Milton S. Hershey Medical Center
Hershey, Pennsylvania

Victoria Udezi, MD, MPH, FAAFP^†Assistant Professor
Department of Family Medicine
UT Southwestern Medical Center
Dallas, Texas

Ulunma Natalie Umesi, MD, MBA
Resident Physician
Brooklyn, New York

Lyncean Ung, DO
Nassau University Medical Center
East Meadow, New York

Kaitlin Unser, DO
New York Institute of Technology
Old Westbury, New York

Haris Vakil, MD
Resident
Department of Family Medicine
UTMB
Galveston, Texas

Santiago O. Valdes, MD, FAAP
Associate Professor
Department of Pediatric Cardiology
Baylor College of Medicine/Texas Children’s Hospital
Houston, Texas

Marvin Valencia, DO
Primary Care Sports Medicine Fellow
Department of Population Health
Dell Medical School, The University of Texas at Austin
Austin, Texas

Emily Valentin-Mendez, MD
Resident Physician
Department of Family Medicine
Novant Health Family Medicine Residency
Cornelius, North Carolina

Christine M. Van Horn, MD, MS
Resident Physician
Department of Urology
University of Massachusetts Medical School
Worcester, Massachusetts

Alexander Vavra, DO^†Captain
Department of Medical Corps
United States Air Force
Scott Air Force Base, Illinois

Kathleen M. Vazzana, DO, MSc
Pediatric Rheumatologist
Department of Pediatric Rheumatology
Arnold Palmer Hospital for Children
Orlando, Florida

Benjamin J. Velky, MD
Faculty Physician
Department of Family Medicine
Montgomery Center for Family Medicine
Greenwood, South Carolina

Ashley L. Vertente, MD, MBA
Resident Physician, PGY-3
Saint Francis Hospital
Wilmington, Delaware

Brian P. Vickery, MD
Associate Professor of Pediatrics
Emory University School of Medicine
Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta Atlanta, Georgia

Astrud S. A. Villareal, MD, FAAFP^†Assistant Professor
Department of Family and Community Medicine
University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center
Dallas, Texas

Tamanna Vir, DO
Department of Family Medicine
Medical City Arlington
Arlington, Texas

Dana M. Vlachos, DO
Faculty Attending
Department of Family Medicine Residency
Advocate Christ Medical Center
Oak Lawn, Illinois

Jenney Vongprathoum, MD
Resident
Department of Family Medicine
Dell Medical School, The University of Texas at Austin
Austin, Texas

Yongkasem Vorasettakarnkij, MD, MSc^†
Assistant Professor
Department of Medicine
Chulalongkorn University
Cardiac Center
King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital
Thai Red Cross Society
Bangkok, Thailand

Stephanie Vaux Voyles, MD
Faculty Physician
Department of Family Medicine Residency
St. Mary’s Medical Center
Grand Junction, Colorado

Joseph R. Wagner, MD
Chair, Department of Urology
Chair, Robotic Surgery Council
Hartford HealthCare
Hartford, Connecticut

Mako Wakabayashi, MD
Department of Family Medicine
Oregon Health and Science University
Portland, Oregon

Trent Walradt, MD
Fellow
Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Endoscopy
Brigham and Women’s Hospital
Boston, Massachusetts

Anne Walsh, MMSc, PA-C, DFAAPA
Clinical Associate Professor
Department of PA Studies Chapman University
Irvine, California

Thandi Walters, MD
Department of Family Medicine
Tallahassee Memorial Hospital
Tallahassee, Florida

Kellie Wang, PharmD
Pharmacist
Department of Pharmacy
Sarasota Memorial Hospital
Sarasota, Florida

Samuel C. Wang, MD
Program Director
Memorial Family Medicine Residency Program
Houston, Texas

Daniel L. Warden, MD
Primary Care Sports Medicine Fellow
Department of Sports Medicine
Ascension Providence
Novi, Michigan

Waiz Wasey, MD
Assistant Professor Family Medicine, Sleep Medicine
Department of Family Medicine
Southern Illinois University
Springfield, Illinois

Leigh Weatherly, DO
Family Medicine, PGY-1
UMass Chan Medical School
Worcester, Massachusetts

Grant Wei, MD, FACEP
Associate Professor and Program Director
Department of Emergency Medicine
Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School
New Brunswick, New Jersey

Jill T. Wei Doherty, MD
Department of Family Medicine
Santa Monica Family Physicians
Santa Monica, California

Lisa Weiss, MD, Med, FAAFP
Associate Professor
Bon Secours Mercy Health
Boardman, Ohio

Maggie C. Wertz, MD^†
Faculty Physician
Eglin Family Medicine Residency
Eglin Air Force Base, Florida

Todd A. Wical, DO^†Squadron Flight Surgeon
Department of Primary Care
Blanchfield Army Community Hospital
Fort Campbell, Kentucky

Joseph P. Wiedemer, MD, FAAFP
Associate Professor
Department of Family and Community Medicine
Penn State Health
State College, Pennsylvania

Sarah Wiggill, MD
Assistant Professor of Family Medicine
Department of Medicine
Charles E. Schmidt College of Medicine
Florida Atlantic University
Boca Raton, Florida

Susanne Wild, MD
Clinical Associate Professor
Department of Family Medicine
Family Medicine Residency
University of Arizona College of Medicine—Phoenix
Phoenix, Arizona

Alec M. Wilhelmi, MD
Resident Physician
Department of Family Medicine and Population Health
Dell Medical School, The University of Texas at Austin
Austin, Texas

Faren H. Williams, MD, MS^†Clinical Professor
Department of Orthopedics and Physical Rehabilitation
University of Massachusetts Medical School
Worcester, Massachusetts

Katherine Williams, MD
Attending Physician
Department of Family Medicine
Summa Health Medical Group
Rootstown, Ohio

Norton Winer, MD^†
Assistant Clinical Professor of Neurology
Department of Neurology
University Hospitals Cleveland
Cleveland, Ohio

Fawn J. Winkelman, DO
Department of Osteopathic Family Medicine
Nova Southeastern University College of Osteopathic
Owner/Physician, Elite Medicine and Aesthetic Institute
Fort Lauderdale, Florida

Jay Winner, MD, FAAFP
Family Physician and Director Stress Reduction Program
Department of Family Medicine Sansum Clinic
Santa Barbara, California

Christopher M. Wise, MD
Professor of Internal Medicine Department of Internal Medicine/
Rheumatology, Allergy, and Immunology
Virginia Commonwealth University Health System
Richmond, Virginia

Jeffrey Wisinski, DO
Assistant Professor
Department of Family Medicine/Sports Medicine
Prisma Health
Columbia, South Carolina

Anita Wong, MD
Assistant Clinical Professor
Department of Family Medicine
University of California, Los Angeles
Los Angeles, California

William W. Wong, DO
Assistant Professor of Medicine
Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine
UMass Chan Medical School
Worcester, Massachusetts

Frances Yung-tao Wu, MD
Clinical Assistant Professor
Department of Family Medicine
Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School
New Brunswick, New Jersey
Assistant Director
Department of Family Medicine Residency
Robert Wood Johnson University Hospital Somerset
Somerville, New Jersey

Velyn Wu, MD, MACM
Assistant Clinical Professor
Department of Community Health and Family Medicine
University of Florida College of Medicine
Gainesville, Florida

Sujitha Yadlapati, MD
HCA Corpus Christi Medical Center—Bay Area
Dermatology Residency Program
McAllen, Texas

Pratiksha Yalakkishettar, MD^†Preventive Medicine Fellow and Family Physician
Family Medicine and Community Health
UMass Chan Medical School
Worcester, Massachusetts

Johnny J. Yang, MD, MS
Saba University School of Medicine
Devens, Massachusetts

Michael Y. Yang, MD, CAQSM^†
Section Chief of Sports Medicine
Mercy Orthopedics and Sports Medicine
Mercy Catholic Medical Center
Darby, Pennsylvania

Margaret Yip, DO
Resident Physician Orlando, Florida

Emily A. Yocom, DO
Department of Family Medicine
Travis Air Force Base
Fairfield, California

Dinesh Yogaratnam, PharmD, BCPS, BCCCP|
Associate Professor
Massachusetts College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences University
Worcester, Massachusetts

James R. Yon, MD
Department of Trauma and Acute Care Surgery
New Hanover Regional Medical Center
Wilmington, North Carolina

Jocelyn C. Young, DO, MSc
Clinical Assistant Professor
Department of Family Medicine
SUNY Upstate Medical University
Assistant Clinical Professor
Department of Family Medicine
United Health Services/Wilson Family Medicine Residency Program
Faculty Physician
Department of Family Medicine
United Health Services Hospitals
Johnson City, New York

Faraz Yousefian, DO
Department of Internal Medicine
Texas Institute for Graduate Medical Education and Research
San Antonio, Texas

Nida Zahra, MD, FAAFP
Associate Professor
Department of Family and Community Medicine
UT Southwestern Medical Center
Dallas, Texas

Touqir Zahra, MD, FACP
Assistant Professor
Department of Internal Medicine
Florida Atlantic University
Boca Raton, Florida

Rochelle Zak, MD
Associate Professor
Department of Medicine/Sleep Disorders Center
University of California at San Francisco
San Francisco, California

Batoul Zalkout, DO
Resident Physician, Family Medicine Advocate Christ
Oak Lawn, Illinois

Anna K. Zheng, MD
OB Lead
Department of Family Medicine
Edward M. Kennedy Community Health Center Assistant Professor
Department of Family Medicine and Community Health
University of Massachusetts Medical Center
Worcester, Massachusetts

Svitlana Zhukivska, MD
Associate Professor
Department of Family Medicine
University of Toledo
Toledo, Ohio

Erika Zimmons, DO, MS
Assistant Professor
Department of Family Medicine and Community Health
University of Massachusetts Medical School
Worcester, Massachusetts

^†The views expressed are those of the authors
and do not reflect the official policy of the
Department of the Army, Department of
the Navy, Department of the Air Force, the
Department of Defense, or the United States
Government.

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THE SERVICE IS PROVIDED ON AN "AS IS" BASIS. NEITHER PUBLISHER, UNBOUND MEDICINE NOR ITS LICENSORS MAKE ANY GUARANTEES OR WARRANTIES OF ANY KIND, EITHER EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE OR USE AS TO THE SERVICE OR THE INFORMATION THEREIN OR ANY WARRANTIES AS TO THE ACCURACY, COMPLETENESS, CURRENTNESS, OR RESULTS TO BE OBTAINED FROM, ACCESSING OR USING THE SERVICE, OR ANY MATERIAL REFERENCED IN SUCH SERVICE OR ANY INFORMATION ENTERED INTO THE SERVICE BY USERS OR OTHER PERSONS AND/OR ANY MATERIAL AVAILABLE ON OR THAT CAN BE ACCESSED THROUGH THE SERVICE (INCLUDING VIA ANY HYPERLINK OR OTHERWISE) OR AS TO NON-INFRINGEMENT OF THIRD PARTY RIGHTS. ANY WARRANTIES OF ANY KIND, WHETHER EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, ARE DISCLAIMED. ANY MATERIAL OR DATA OBTAINED THROUGH USE OF THE SERVICE IS AT YOUR OWN DISCRETION AND RISK AND USER UNDERSTANDS THAT IT WILL BE SOLELY RESPONSIBLE FOR ANY RESULTING DAMAGE TO ITS COMPUTER SYSTEM OR LOSS OF DATA.

Disclaimers

MEDICINE IS AN EVER-CHANGING SCIENCE. AS NEW RESEARCH AND CLINICAL EXPERIENCE BROADEN OUR KNOWLEDGE, CHANGES IN TREATMENT AND DRUG THERAPY ARE REQUIRED. IN VIEW OF THE POSSIBILITY OF HUMAN ERROR OR CHANGES IN MEDICAL SCIENCES, NEITHER PUBLISHER, UNBOUND MEDICINE NOR ITS LICENSORS WARRANTS THAT THE INFORMATION CONTAINED IN THE SERVICE IS IN EVERY RESPECT ACCURATE OR COMPLETE, AND THEY ARE NOT RESPONSIBLE FOR ANY ERRORS OR OMISSIONS OR THE RESULTS OBTAINED FROM THE USE OF SUCH INFORMATION. USERS ARE ENCOURAGED TO CONFIRM THE INFORMATION CONTAINED IN THE SERVICE WITH OTHER SOURCES. FOR EXAMPLE, AND IN PARTICULAR, USERS ARE ADVISED TO CHECK THE PRODUCT INFORMATION SHEET INCLUDED IN THE PACKAGE OF EACH DRUG THEY PLAN TO ADMINISTER TO BE CERTAIN THAT THE INFORMATION CONTAINED IN THE PUBLISHER CONTENT IS ACCURATE AND THAT CHANGES HAVE NOT BEEN MADE IN THE RECOMMENDED DOSE OR IN THE CONTRAINDICATIONS FOR ADMINISTRATION. THIS RECOMMENDATION IS PARTICULARLY IMPORTANT IN CONNECTION WITH NEW OR INFREQUENTLY USED DRUGS. NEITHER PUBLISHER NOR ITS LICENSORS SHALL BE LIABLE TO SUBSCRIBER OR TO ANY USER OR ANYONE ELSE FOR ANY INACCURACY, DELAY, INTERRUPTION IN SERVICE, ERROR OR OMISSION, REGARDLESS OF CAUSE, OR FOR ANY DAMAGES RESULTING THEREFROM.

Limitation of Liability

IN NO EVENT WILL PUBLISHER, UNBOUND MEDICINE OR ITS LICENSORS, BE LIABLE FOR ANY INDIRECT, SPECIAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO, LOST TIME, LOST MONEY, LOST PROFITS OR GOOD WILL, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, TORT, STRICT LIABILITY OR OTHERWISE, AND WHETHER OR NOT SUCH DAMAGES ARE FORESEEN OR UNFORESEEN ARISING FROM OR RELATING TO: (i) YOUR USE OF THE SERVICE OR USE OF THE SERVICE THROUGH YOUR ACCOUNT BY ANYONE ELSE; (ii) THE COST OF PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE DATA, INFORMATION OR SERVICES; (iii) UNAUTHORIZED ACCESS TO OR ALTERATION OF YOUR TRANSMISSIONS OR DATA; OR (iv) ANY OTHER MATTER RELATING TO THE SERVICE. UNBOUND’S TOTAL CUMULATIVE LIABILITY TO YOU AND ANYONE WHO USES THE SERVICE THROUGH YOUR ACCOUNT, FOR ANY AND ALL CLAIMS UNDER ANY THEORY OF LAW, WILL NOT EXCEED THE UNUSED PORTION OF FEES PAID FOR THE SERVICE. IF, NOTWITHSTANDING THE OTHER TERMS OF THIS AGREEMENT, UNBOUND SHOULD HAVE ANY LIABILITY TO YOU OR ANY THIRD PARTY FOR ANY LOSS, HARM OR DAMAGE, YOU AND UNBOUND AGREE THAT SUCH LIABILITY SHALL UNDER NO CIRCUMSTANCES EXCEED THE LESSER OF $1,000 OR THE FEES YOU PAID US DURING THE THREE (3) MONTHS IMMEDIATELY PRECEDING THE DAY THE ACT OR OMISSION OCCURRED THAT GAVE RISE TO YOUR CLAIM. YOU AND UNBOUND AGREE THAT THE FOREGOING LIMITATION OF LIABILITY IS AN AGREED ALLOCATION OF RISK BETWEEN YOU AND US AND REFLECTS THE FEES, IF ANY, UNBOUND CHARGE YOU TO USE THE SITE AND THE SERVICES. YOU ACKNOWLEDGE THAT ABSENT YOUR AGREEMENT TO THIS LIMITATION OF LIABILITY, UNBOUND WOULD NOT PROVIDE THE SITE OR SERVICES TO YOU.