Eosinophilic Esophagitis
Basics
DESCRIPTION
- Eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) is a chronic immune-mediated esophageal disease characterized clinically by variable symptoms of esophageal dysfunction and pathologically by localized eosinophilic inflammation.
- The diagnosis is established in symptomatic patients who have the following:
- At least 15 eosinophils/high powered field (HPF) confined to the esophagus on endoscopic biopsies
- Reliable exclusion of other potential causes of esophageal eosinophilia
- Persistent eosinophilic infiltrate in esophageal biopsies after a trial of high-dose proton pump inhibitor (PPI) therapy
EPIDEMIOLOGY
- Incidence rates are 5.1 and 7 per 100,000 person-years in children and adults, respectively.
- Prevalence in children is 29.5, lower than 43.4 per 100,000 in adults, and higher in United States compared to Europe.
- 3:1 male-to-female ratio
- Peaks of onset in childhood and 3rd to 4th decade
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
- The exact pathophysiology of EoE is unknown but likely involves an immune response to environmental antigens in genetically predisposed individuals.
- Environmental factors (food and possibly aeroallergens) trigger inflammatory response mediated by T-helper type 2 (Th2) cells.
- Genetic polymorphisms which predispose to EoE include eotaxin-3, thymic stromal lymphopoietin, and calpain-14.
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Citation
Cabana, Michael D., editor. "Eosinophilic Esophagitis." Select 5-Minute Pediatrics Topics, 7th ed., Wolters Kluwer Health, 2015. Medicine Central, im.unboundmedicine.com/medicine/view/Select-5-Minute-Pediatric-Consult/14169/all/Eosinophilic_Esophagitis.
Eosinophilic Esophagitis. In: Cabana MDM, ed. Select 5-Minute Pediatrics Topics. Wolters Kluwer Health; 2015. https://im.unboundmedicine.com/medicine/view/Select-5-Minute-Pediatric-Consult/14169/all/Eosinophilic_Esophagitis. Accessed October 3, 2024.
Eosinophilic Esophagitis. (2015). In Cabana, M. D. (Ed.), Select 5-Minute Pediatrics Topics (7th ed.). Wolters Kluwer Health. https://im.unboundmedicine.com/medicine/view/Select-5-Minute-Pediatric-Consult/14169/all/Eosinophilic_Esophagitis
Eosinophilic Esophagitis [Internet]. In: Cabana MDM, editors. Select 5-Minute Pediatrics Topics. Wolters Kluwer Health; 2015. [cited 2024 October 03]. Available from: https://im.unboundmedicine.com/medicine/view/Select-5-Minute-Pediatric-Consult/14169/all/Eosinophilic_Esophagitis.
* Article titles in AMA citation format should be in sentence-case
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T1 - Eosinophilic Esophagitis
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ED - Cabana,Michael D,
BT - Select 5-Minute Pediatrics Topics
UR - https://im.unboundmedicine.com/medicine/view/Select-5-Minute-Pediatric-Consult/14169/all/Eosinophilic_Esophagitis
PB - Wolters Kluwer Health
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DB - Medicine Central
DP - Unbound Medicine
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