Interstitial nephritis

Etiology

Acute

  • Antibiotics: β-lactams, sulfa, ciprofloxacin, erythromycin, tetracycline, vancomycin, rifampin, ethambutol
  • NSAIDs
  • Diuretics: thiazides, furosemide
  • Other drugs: phenytoin, allopurinol, cimetidine
  • Infections: Streptococcus, leptospirosis, cytomegalovirus, Epstein-Barr virus, histoplasmosis, Rocky Mountain spotted fever, Legionella, Mycoplasma, Toxoplasma
  • Immune: systemic lupus erythematosus, Sjögren’s syndrome, sarcoidosis, cryoglobulinemia
Chronic
  • Obstructive uropathy
  • Vesicoureteral reflux (reflux nephropathy)
  • Analgesic nephropathy
  • Heavy metals: lead, cadmium, mercury, bismuth
  • Multiple myeloma
  • Gout

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