Schizophrenia

DDx

• Major depressive or manic episode with psychotic features
• Drugs or substance abuse, eg, steroids, cocaine, amphetamines, alcohol withdrawal
• Psychotic symptoms associated with dementia
• Delirium
• CNS disease, eg, complex partial seizures, tumor, neurosyphilis
• Nutritional deficiency, eg, thiamine, vitamin B₁₂
• Heavy metal poisoning, eg, mercury
• Endocrinopathy, eg, hypothyroidism, Cushing’s syndrome
• Other psychotic disorder, eg, schizoaffective or schizophreniform disorder, delusional disorder (nonbizarre delusions, minimal impairment of daily functioning), brief psychotic disorder
• Personality disorder, eg, paranoid, schizotypal, schizoid