Depression
BASICS
BASICS

BASICS
DESCRIPTION
DESCRIPTION
DESCRIPTION
Primary mood disorder characterized by a sustained feeling of sadness and/or decreased interest in all or most activities once enjoyed, which represents a change from previous state.
EPIDEMIOLOGY
EPIDEMIOLOGY
EPIDEMIOLOGY
Prevalence
Prevalence
Prevalence
- Lifetime prevalence of major depressive disorder (MDD) is 20.6% (1).
- Low risk before early teens; highest prevalence in teens and young adults; average age of onset is 30 years.
ETIOLOGY AND PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
ETIOLOGY AND PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
ETIOLOGY AND PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
Pathophysiology is poorly understood.
Genetics
Genetics
Genetics
Twin studies suggest 37% concordance.
RISK FACTORS
RISK FACTORS
RISK FACTORS
- Female > male (2:1)
- Adverse life events (2)
- First-degree relative or spouse with depression, bipolar, suicide, substance abuse
- Presence of comorbid medical conditions including neurodegenerative diseases
GENERAL PREVENTION
GENERAL PREVENTION
GENERAL PREVENTION
Physical activity lowers risk for depression (3).
COMMONLY ASSOCIATED CONDITIONS
COMMONLY ASSOCIATED CONDITIONS
COMMONLY ASSOCIATED CONDITIONS
Bipolar disorder, cyclothymic disorder, grief reaction, anxiety disorders, somatoform disorders, schizophrenia/schizoaffective disorders, conduct disorder, substance abuse
There's more to see -- the rest of this topic is available only to subscribers.
© 2000–2025 Unbound Medicine, Inc. All rights reserved
All content is protected by copyright and may not be used for AI model training or other unauthorized purposes.